Growth and optical properties of bulk KTP crystals by hydrothermal method

Zhang, Changlong; Hu, Zhanggui; Huang, Lei; Zhou, Wenbo; Lu, Zichen; Zhang, Ge; Liu, Youchen; Zou, Yanzhen; Lu, Fu-Hua; Hou, Hang-De; Qin, Shijie; Zhang, Haixia; Bai, Lihua

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2007.12.007

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We have reported the transmittance from ultraviolet to infrared in the literature 55 . The transparency curve of the H-KTP crystal was very flat between 450 and 2500 nm wavelength without any valleys; a narrow valley near 2750 nm wavelength caused by OH − indicated the H-KTP.…”

Section: Optical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore its piezoelectric coupling effect is weak, which ensure the sensor stable in the equipment with more vibration. Three problems hinder the EO application of KTP: the crystal size [52][53][54][55][56][57] , electro-chromic effect [58][59][60] , and optical inhomogeneity 36,61 . Large crystal size can be used in laser systems with large spot diameter, which is beneficial to reduce half-wave voltage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal growth of KTiOPO4 crystal for electro-optical application

Zhou

et al. 2023

Light Sci Appl

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Abstract“New” electro-optical (EO) crystals are hard to find, “old” EO crystals are scarce and each has its own problems, and the demand for high-performance EO crystals by higher power, higher repetition rate, and narrower pulse width laser is realistic and urgent. The EO performance of KTP was recognized as soon as it was discovered, but after more than 40 years of development, the reports, and products of EO devices based on KTP are less than those of other EO crystals, even though KTP is now almost the cheapest nonlinear optical crystal material. In this paper, based on our understanding of the crystal structure of predecessors and ourselves, especially the understanding and practice of quasi-one-dimensional ionic conduction mechanism, we think that crystal growth is the most important reason that affects the controllability of crystal performance. Through a series of science and technology, we realize the growth of large-size crystals with high-optical uniformity, then reduce the absorption of KTP to a very low level, and grow crystals with resistance to electric damage and laser damage. On this basis, reducing the conductivity and improving the uniformity of optical, electrical, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties are emphasized. The extinction ratio, piezoelectric ringing effect, and thermal influence of the EO switch based on KTP crystal are tested, and some publicly available progress of using KTP EO devices in high-repetition rate laser is listed. Finally, we are looking forward to the development of KTP EO crystal for the laser system to EO generator for integrated optics.

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Section: Optical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal growth of KTiOPO4 crystal for electro-optical application

Zhou

et al. 2023

Light Sci Appl

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“…A solution of 3 mol·L –1 KF·2H 2 O + 0.1 mol·L –1 KH 2 PO 4 + 1 wt % H 2 O 2 was added to the reaction mixture as the mineralizer to improve the crystal quality. This mixture had been demonstrated to be effective in the synthesis of KTP single crystals . The typical procedure for the synthesis of K 4 [Ge 2 F 9 (PO 4 )] is presented in Scheme b.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This mixture had been demonstrated to be effective in the synthesis of KTP single crystals. 30 The typical procedure for the synthesis of K 4 [Ge 2 F 9 (PO 4 )] is presented in Scheme 1b. First, GeO 2 (0.104 g, 1 mmol) powder was added into a 15 mL Teflon inline (15 mL in volume), and then 2 mL of the mineralizer solution was added into the Teflon inline.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Fluorine-Substituted Phosphate Germanium Fluorides and Their Thermal Stabilities

Huang

Liu

Zhuang³

et al. 2016

Inorg. Chem.

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Anhydrous compounds are crucially important for many technological applications, such as achieving high performance in lithium/sodium cells, but are often challenging to synthesize under hydrothermal conditions. Herein we report that a modified solvo-/hydro-fluorothermal method with fluoride-rich and water-deficient condition is highly effective for synthesizing anhydrous compounds by the replacement of hydroxyl groups and water molecules with fluorine. Two anhydrous phosphate germanium fluorides, namely, Na[GeF(PO)] and K[GeF(PO)], with chainlike structures involving multiple fluorine substitutions, were synthesized using the modified solvo-/hydro-fluorothermal method. The crystal structure of Na[GeF(PO)] is constructed by the common single chains {[GeF(PO)]} built from alternating GeOF octahedra and PO tetrahedra. For K[GeF(PO)], it takes the same single chain in Na[GeF(PO)] as the backbone but has additional flanking GeOF octahedra via an O-corner of the PO groups, resulting in a dendrite zigzag single chain {[GeF(PO)]}. The multiple fluorine substitutions in these compounds not only force them to adopt the low-dimensional structures because of the "tailor effect" but also improve their thermal stabilities. The thermal behavior of Na[GeF(PO)] was investigated by an in situ powder X-ray diffraction experiment from room temperature to 700 °C. The modified solvo-/hydro-fluorothermal method is also shown to be effective in producing the most germanium-rich compounds in the germanophosphate system.

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“…Thus, the approach was reconsidered to obtain gray-track resistant KTP crystals. A KTP single crystal up to 26 × 83 × 5 mm 3 in size and 132 g in weight was achieved by the hydrothermal method (Figure ), whose transition metal impurities were less than 6 ppm. The gray-track resistance of a KTP crystal was measured by exposing the crystal under a high power green laser.…”

Section: Nlo Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Crystal Growth in China: Laser, Nonlinear Optical, and Ferroelectric Crystals

Long

et al. 2010

Crystal Growth & Design

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Crystal growth in China has a long history and is developing rapidly at the present time. In the past decade, significant efforts have been directed toward the research of structure−property relationships and high quality crystal growth, which has brought to fruition many fields covering nonlinear optical, laser, ferro-/piezo-electric, and wide band gap semiconductor crystals. In this contribution, selected research work accomplished by Chinese scientists in crystal engineering and growth is reviewed.

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Growth and optical properties of bulk KTP crystals by hydrothermal method

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Hydrothermal growth of KTiOPO4 crystal for electro-optical application

Hydrothermal growth of KTiOPO4 crystal for electro-optical application

Multiple Fluorine-Substituted Phosphate Germanium Fluorides and Their Thermal Stabilities

Recent Advances in Crystal Growth in China: Laser, Nonlinear Optical, and Ferroelectric Crystals

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