Growth and optical characterization of Nd:YVO4 LHPG crystals

Growth of Tm3+-Doped Y2O3, Sc2O3, and Lu2O3 Crystals by the Micropulling down Technique and Their Optical and Scintillation Characteristics

“…Additionally, both these transitions originate from the same 1 D 2 excitation level. Therefore, both decays possess same decay time 14,15 within 10 μs. In the radiation response measurements reported here, 10 μs shaping time was selected because peaks were the largest using 10 μs shaping time.…”

“…PL 1 D 2 level of Tm 3þ ion decay times that were obtained in current project were consistent with the data reported previously. 14,15,17 In practical applications, the scintillator is commonly coupled to PMT. Therefore, the wavelengths of the emission peaks should match to high sensitivity wavelength region of PMT (250À550 nm) as much as possible.…”

“…These dopants have very fast 5dÀ4f transition within 100 ns. However, Tm 3þ ion possess multiple 4fÀ4f spin forbidden transition with slow decay ranged from several microseconds to several hundreds microseconds 14,15 at wavelengths of 300À900 nm. 16 Therefore, reports regarding slow decay emission originated from 4f-4f spin forbidden transition was not sufficient in the past, and this motivated us to study scintillation properties of Tm 3þ -doped Y 2 O 3 , Sc 2 O 3 , and Lu 2 O 3 single crystals in current project.…”