Growth and obesity in 7-year-old Croatian children: secular changes from 1991 to 2008

Bralić, Irena; Tahirović, Husref; Matanić, Dubravka

doi:10.1007/s00431-011-1470-1

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar results were obtained from the study analyzing secular changes in body weight, height, and BMI for 1.394 children at the age of 7 in the Splitsko‐dalmatinska County, Croatia, from 1991 to 2008, before enrolment at school. They found statistically significant rise in average body weight and BMI and frequency of obesity rose by 1.4 times in boys and 1.7 times in girls from 1991 to 2008 . Unfortunately, no data are available on prevalence of obesity in children younger than 7 yr and consequently it is difficult to explain the observed results on increased T1DM incidence in the youngest age group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in 0 to 14-yr-old children in Croatia - 2004 to 2012 study

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in 0 to 14-yr-old children in Croatia - 2004 to 2012 study

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among Croatian 7-year-old boys, the prevalence of overweight increased from 10 % to 15 % during the period 1991–1999, although obesity decreased from 5 % to 4 %. Among Croatian girls of the same age, the rates increased from 7 % to 15 % and from 4 % to 8 %, respectively ( 37 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in prevalence of overweight and obesity, and in extent of overweight index, in children and adolescents (3–18 years) from Kraków, Poland in 1983, 2000 and 2010

Kowal

Woronkowicz

Kryst

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among children is now an important health problem. This fact, however, does not reflect the scale of the problem. The aim of the present study was to find how much the BMI threshold was exceeded in a population from Kraków. Design: The study was based on three cross-sectional surveys conducted in 1983, 2000 and 2010. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was estimated based on the International Obesity Task Force cut-off points. In addition to these, an extent of overweight (EOW) index was calculated. Setting: Poland. Subjects: Children aged 3-18 years (n 14 534) from Kraków. Results: Between the populations examined in 1983 and 2010, the EOW index in boys rose by almost 10 %, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity by 39 %. In girls, however, the EOW index decreased by 45 %, while the prevalence of overweight and obesity remained at similar levels. Analyses in separate age groups showed that the EOW index increased only among early adolescents (150 % for boys, 94 % for girls) and late adolescents (390 % and 64 %, respectively). Conclusions: The observed increased prevalence of overweight and obesity mainly concerned boys and was accompanied by an increase in the amount by which the BMI threshold values were exceeded. Keywords BMI Extent of overweight Obesity Economic transformationIn the 1960s, Western nations, especially the USA (1,2) and Western Europe (3) , saw a dramatic increase in the frequency of overweight and obesity. In 1998, the WHO (4) declared obesity a major public health epidemic, both in developed and developing countries, and estimated that by 2025 obesity would concern more than half the adult population in the USA, UK and Australia (4) . A similar trend was found among children and adolescents (5,6) . In the period 1963-1991 in the USA the prevalence of overweight among 6-11-year-old children increased from 15 % to 22·5 %, while the frequency of obesity rose from 5 % to 11 %. In the UK in the period 1989-1998 the prevalence of overweight among children under 4 years of age increased from 14·7 % to 23·6 %, and obesity from 5·4 % to 9·2 %. Between the years 1975 and 1995 in Germany, the frequency of overweight among boys (7-14 years of age) increased from 10·0 % to 16·3 %, and among girls from 11·7 % to 20·7 % (7) . However, relatively recent reports from

show abstract

“…A positive secular trend in body dimensions and the pace of growth has been observed worldwide since the beginning of the 20th century (Bielicki and Szklarska,1992; Bochenska,1972; Bralic et al . ,2011; Bruntland et al . ,1975; Padez,2003; Simsek et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus: Axonal projections to the brainstem

Geerling

Shin

Chimenti

et al. 2010

J of Comparative Neurology

230

221

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH) contains many neurons that innervate the brainstem, but information regarding their target sites remains incomplete. Here, we labeled neurons in the rat PVH with an anterograde axonal tracer, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHAL) and studied their descending projections in reference to specific neuronal subpopulations throughout the brainstem. While many of their target sites were identified previously, numerous new observations were made. Major findings include: (1) In the midbrain, the PVH projects lightly to the ventral tegmental area, Edinger-Westphal nucleus, ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter, reticular formation, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, and dorsal raphe nucleus. (2) In the dorsal pons, the PVH projects heavily to the pre-locus coeruleus, yet very little to the catecholamine neurons in the locus coeruleus, and selectively targets the viscerosensory subregions of the parabrachial nucleus; (3) In the ventral medulla, the superior salivatory nucleus, retrotrapezoid nucleus, compact and external formations of the nucleus ambiguus, A1 and caudal C1 catecholamine neurons, and caudal pressor area receive dense axonal projections, generally exceeding the PVH projection to the rostral C1 region; (4) The medial nucleus of the solitary tract (including A2 noradrenergic and aldosterone-sensitive neurons) receives the most extensive projections of the PVH, substantially more than the dorsal vagal nucleus or area postrema. Our findings suggest that the PVH may modulate a range of homeostatic functions, including cerebral and ocular blood flow, corneal and nasal hydration, ingestive behavior, sodium intake, and glucose metabolism, as well as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory activities.

show abstract

Growth and obesity in 7-year-old Croatian children: secular changes from 1991 to 2008

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in 0 to 14-yr-old children in Croatia - 2004 to 2012 study

Incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in 0 to 14-yr-old children in Croatia - 2004 to 2012 study

Sex differences in prevalence of overweight and obesity, and in extent of overweight index, in children and adolescents (3–18 years) from Kraków, Poland in 1983, 2000 and 2010

Paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus: Axonal projections to the brainstem

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About