Growth and distribution of maize roots under nitrogen fertilization in plinthite soil

Oikeh, Sylvester O.; Kling, J. G.; Horst, Walter J.; Chude, V. O.; Carsky, R. J.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4290(98)00169-5

Cited by 76 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The first could be a simple negative effect of soil nitrogen content on the root system as reported by some authors. Oikeh et al (1999) observed a positive effect (30 kg ha-1 mineral nitrogen supply), but also a negative effect (120 kg ha-1 nitrogen supply) on the root system. As in the example above, the high-level nitrogen supply in the PS plot may have slowed down root growth compared with the C plot.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In addition, under tropical conditions, studies have shown that nitrogen has a complex effect on maize roots. For instance: (i) mineral nitrogen fertilizer application has no effect, or may just slightly increase, the shoot/root ratio (Lafitte and Edmeades 1994); (ii) at high dosage (120 kg/ha), it induces a reduction in root growth as compared to results obtained with a moderate dose of 30 kg/ha (Oikeh et al 1999); (iii) when the maize crop is fertilizer banded, the root density is increased in the banded zone, but the total root length is unchanged (Kaspar et al 1991). The effects of pig slurry (PS) applications on root systems have not been the focus of much research, especially under tropical climatic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is maize root growth affected by pig slurry application on a tropical acid soil?

Chopart

Payet²,

Macary³

et al. 2007

Plant Root

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is maize root growth affected by pig slurry application on a tropical acid soil?

Chopart

Payet²,

Macary³

et al. 2007

Plant Root

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“…Roots were collected after the soil was passed through a 0.5-mm sieve with the aid of a water jet. Debris, weeds and dead roots were sorted by hand from the 'live' roots during washing, based on visual observation that the 'live' roots appeared light in colors (Oikeh et al 1999;Qu et al 2003;Ruiz et al 2005). Each plant component was washed with distilled water, dried in an oven at 70°C for 72 h, and weighed.…”

Section: Sampling and Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of salinity and nitrogen on cotton growth in arid environment

et al. 2009

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The influences of different N fertilization rates and soil salinity levels on the growth and nitrogen uptake of cotton was evaluated with a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions. Results showed that cotton growth measured as plant height was significantly affected by the soil salinity and Nsalinity interaction, but not by N alone. Cotton was more sensitive to salinity during the emergence and early growth stages than the later developmental stages. At low to moderate soil salinity, the growth inhibition could be alleviated by fertilizer application. Soil salinity was a dominated factor affecting cotton's above-ground dry mass and root development. Dry mass of seed was reduced by 22%, 52%, and 84% respectively, when the soil salinity level increased from control level of 2.4 dS m −1 to 7.7 dS m −1 , 12.5 dS m −1 and to 17.1 dS m −1 , respectively. N uptake increased with N fertilization at adequate rates at both low and medium soil salinities but was not influenced by over N fertilization. At higher salinities, N uptake was independent of N rates and mainly influenced by soil salinity. The uptake of K decreased with soil salinity. The concentration of Na, Cl and Ca in plant tissues increased with soil salinity with highest concentrations in the cotton leaf.

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“…Nitrogen-uptake efficiency depends on the extent and effectiveness of the root system (Jackson et al, 1986) so that cultivars with a deeper root system and higher root-length densities deplete more nitrate-N from the soil (Wiesler and Horst, 1994;Oikeh et al, 1999). But there is often a weak correlation between root-length density and N uptake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root growth and N‐uptake activity of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars differing in nitrogen efficiency

Kamh

Wiesler

Ulaş

et al. 2005

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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Nitrate‐N uptake from soil depends on root growth and uptake activity. However, under field conditions N‐uptake activity is difficult to estimate from soil‐N depletion due to different loss pathways. We modified the current mesh‐bag method to estimate nitrate‐N‐uptake activity and root growth of two oilseed‐rape cultivars differing in N‐uptake efficiency. N‐efficient cultivar (cv.) ‘Apex' and N‐inefficient cv. ‘Capitol' were grown in a field experiment on a silty clayey gleyic fluvisol near Göttingen, northern Germany, and fertilized with 0 (N0) and 227 (N227) kg N ha–1.In February 2002, PVC tubes with a diameter of 50 mm were installed between plant rows at 0–0.3 and 0–0.6 m soil depth with an angle of 45°. At the beginning of shooting, beginning of flowering, and at seed filling, the PVC tubes were substituted by PVC tubes (compartments) of the same diameter, but with an open window at the upper side either at a soil depth of 0–0.3 or 0.3–0.6 m allowing roots to grow into the tubes. Anion‐exchange resin at the bottom of the compartment allowed estimation of nitrate leaching. The compartments were then filled with root‐free soil which was amended with or without 90 mg N (kg soil)–1. The newly developed roots and nitrate‐N depletion were estimated in the compartments after the installing period (21 d at shooting stage and 16 d both at flowering and grain‐filling stages). Nitrate‐N depletion was estimated from the difference between NO$ _3^- $‐N contents of compartments containing roots and control compartments (windows closed with a membrane) containing no roots. The amount of nitrate leached from the compartments was quantified from the resin and has been taken into consideration in the calculation of the N depletion. The amount of N depleted from the compartments significantly correlated with root‐length density.Suboptimal N application to the crop reduced total biomass and seed‐yield formation substantially (24% and 38% for ‘Apex’ and ‘Capitol’, respectively). At the shooting stage, there were no differences in root production and N depletion from the compartments by the two cultivars between N0 and N227. But at flowering and seed‐filling stages, higher root production and accordingly higher N depletion was observed at N0 compared to N227. Towards later growth stages, the newly developed roots were characterized by a reduction of root diameter and a shift towards the deeper soil layer (0.3–0.6m). At low but not at high N supply, the N‐efficient cv. ‘Apex’ exhibited higher root growth and accordingly depleted nitrate‐N more effectively than the N‐inefficient cv. ‘Capitol’, especially during the reproductive growth phase. The calculated nitrate‐N‐uptake rate per unit root length was maximal at flowering (for the low N supply) but showed no difference between the two cultivars. This indicated that the higher N‐uptake efficiency of cv. ‘Apex’ was due to higher root growth rather than higher uptake per unit of root length.

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Growth and distribution of maize roots under nitrogen fertilization in plinthite soil

Cited by 76 publications

References 23 publications

Is maize root growth affected by pig slurry application on a tropical acid soil?

Is maize root growth affected by pig slurry application on a tropical acid soil?

Effects of salinity and nitrogen on cotton growth in arid environment

Root growth and N‐uptake activity of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars differing in nitrogen efficiency

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