Growth and Characterization of Benzimidazolium Salicylate: NLO Property from a Centrosymmetric Crystal

Abstract

A new organic charge transfer molecular complex salt of benzimidazolium salicylate (BSL) single crystals was grown by the slow evaporation solution growth technique using methanol as a solvent at room temperature. The grown crystals were characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) which confirms that the crystal belongs to monoclinic system with the centrosymmetric space group P2 1 / . The crystalline perfection of the grown crystal was analyzed by high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD). The presence of various functional groups was identified by FTIR spectrum. UV-Vis spectral study reveals that the BSL crystal is optically transparent in the wavelength region 342 nm-1100 nm. Dielectric measurements of the crystal at various frequencies were also determined. The mechanical properties of the grown crystal were assessed using Vickers microhardness testing. Nonlinear optical property of the crystal was confirmed using Kurtz and Perry powder technique and the SHG efficiency of the BSL crystal is 0.7 times greater than that of the standard KDP crystal.

SHG in a centrosymmetric crystal – can it be possible?

“…This requires uncomplicated equipment (Dufresne, 2021) and is recommended by the International Tables for Crystallography (Klapper & Hahn, 2006 (Inbaseelan et al, 2016). With benzimidazolium salicylate, the piezoelectric resonance recorded at 10 KHz matched the vibrational frequency of the crystal (Amudha et al, 2015). In view of the piezoelectric outcome, the space groups of these two salts are better regarded as ones of lower symmetry.…”

“…A test on a crystalline specimen of [Cu(H 2 O) 4 (C 2 H 5 NO 2 ) 2 ]Á2C 6 H 2 N 3 O 7 Á2H 2 O gave a positive outcome (Inbaseelan et al, 2016). With benzimidazolium salicylate, the piezoelectric resonance recorded at 10 KHz matched the vibrational frequency of the crystal (Amudha et al, 2015). In view of the piezoelectric outcome, the space groups of these two salts are better regarded as ones of lower symmetry.…”

“…As noted from the photographs in the reports, some compounds can be grown to the millimeter sizes (Amudha et al, 2015;Arumanayagam et al, 2015;Arunkumar & Kalainathan, 2020;Dhanya et al, 2011;Devi & Jananakumar, 2020;Ennaceur et al, 2018;Inbaseelan et al, 2016;Jaishree et al, 2014, Jebapriya et al, 2020Lakshmi et al, 2009;Loganayaki et al, 2011;Shibu Prasad et al, 2018;Santhakumari et al, 2011;Shakir et al, 2009;Sreevani et al, 2013;Thilagarajeswari et al, 2020;. The researchers did not carry out SHG substantiation on a large crystal; however, this is generally not a trivial exercise in laser upconversion measurements of crystals, in particular due to the critical requirements of surface smoothness and proper phase matching.…”

Crystal Structure and Theoretical Investigation of Thiobarbituric Acid Derivatives as Nonlinear Optical (NLO) Materials

“…Organically based NLO materials offer several advantages over inorganic systems, including high electronic susceptibility, high molecular polarizability and fast response time [12]. Although noncentrosymmetric crystals have found application as NLO materials, there are also a few reports where centrosymmetric crystals have been shown to possess NLO properties [12][13][14][15]. In recent years, BA/TBA-based derivatives have also been studied as NLO materials as they hold both hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, a feature that makes them suitable as crystal engineering materials with specific programmed properties [7,12,[16][17][18][19][20].…”

Crystal growth and characterization of Benzimidazolium salicylate single crystal for nonlinear optical studies and antibacterial activity

“…The title compound, Benzimidazolium is one such π-donoracceptor molecular compound; it can receive a donor (H + ) form salicylic acid. Previously, Amudha et al, [16] reported the crystal structure of Benzimidazolium Salicylate and also SHG conversion efficiency determined by Kurtz's Perry technique [17]. Jeyaram et al has studied about the BISA for exploitation towards the NLO application below 118C [18].…”