Growth analysis of adenoviruses isolated from pigeons in chicken cells and serological characterization of the isolates

Abstract

The susceptibility of chicken embryo liver (CEL) and chicken kidney (CK) cells to eight adenoviruses isolated from different pigeons were investigated. Isolation and propagation was most successful in CEL cells. The cytopathic effect, i.e. cell rounding and detachment of the cells was typical for adenoviruses. Titres of up to 10(6.6) plaque-forming units/ml could be reached on CEL cells. Transferring CEL-grown virus onto CK cells also resulted in a cytopathic effect but with much lower titres, whereas the isolation of pigeon adenoviruses on these cells was not successful. Antibodies against fowl adenovirus reference strains (FAV1-12) were used to serotype the isolates in neutralisation tests. Six were identified as FAV serotypes 2,5,6,10 and 12. Two isolates could not be typed. An antiserum produced in chickens against one of these untypable strains was able to neutralize both. The neutralization indexes of these strains were very similar, indicating that they are probably the same serotype. A cross neutralization test confirmed that this serotype is different from known fowl adenoviruses.

Adenovirus of psittacine birds: investigations on isolation and development of a real-time polymerase chain reaction for specific detection

“…Such molecular techniques have proved to be effective and common for identification of new viruses in recent times; nevertheless, a definitive diagnosis of viral infection has relied upon virus isolation. Although the use of a homologous cell culture system was reported to be preferable (McFerran & Adair, 2003), avian adenoviruses have also been isolated successfully from different species of birds using chicken cells (McFerran et al, 1976;Gassmann et al, 1981;Bouquet et al, 1982;Hess et al, 1998;Vereecken et al, 1998). In the present study the suspicion of adenovirus infection was confirmed by electron microscopic examination.…”

Detection and partial genetic characterisation of novel avi- and siadenoviruses in racing and fancy pigeons (Columba livia domestica)

“…The first distinct pigeon AdV strain was reported by Hess et al (1998). On chicken embryo liver cells, they isolated a virus that was found to be a serologically novel type.…”

“…As to wild birds, aviadenoviruses have been found in representatives of the orders Falconiformes (Schrenzel et al, 2005), Psittaciformes (Raue et al, 2005a;Wellehan et al, 2005) and Charadriiformes (Bodewes et al, 2013). From Columbiformes, a single AdV named pigeon adenovirus 1 (PiAdV-1), has been characterised by DNA sequence (Hess et al, 1998;Marek et al, 2014b).…”

Whole-genome sequences of two turkey adenovirus types reveal the existence of two unknown lineages that merit the establishment of novel species within the genus Aviadenovirus

“…They have been grouped into 12 serotypes (FAdV-1 to -8a and -8b to -11) based on cross-neutralization test (Hess, 2000), and at least 12 genotypes within the five species have been revealed by sequence analysis of the hexon loop 1 (L1) gene region (Marek et al, 2010a). Several additional aviadenoviruses have been isolated from or detected in hosts other than chicken such as turkey, goose, duck, pigeon and different falcon and psittacine species (Adair & Fitzgerald, 2008;Hess et al, 1998;Raue et al, 2005;Schrenzel et al, 2005;Smyth & McNulty, 2008;Wellehan et al, 2005). For the classification of these non-chicken AdVs, some species are already recognized within the genus Aviadenovirus and some represent candidate species in the genus.…”