Growing Slower and Less Accurate: Adult Age Differences in Time-Accuracy Functions for Recall and Recognition From Episodic Memory PaulVerhaeghen

Verhaeghen, Paul; Vandenbroucke, Anneloes; Dierckx, Vicky

doi:10.1080/036107398244337

Cited by 29 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Furthermore, our results add to the existing literature showing that those LTM representations are easily learned: Previous studies have shown that episodic memories are formed within a few seconds (Huebner & Gegenfurtner, 2011;Verhaeghen, Vandenbroucke, & Dierckx, 1998). Here, subjects were presented with pairs twice, once in the learning phase and once as part of a WM test.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Freeing capacity in WM through the use of LTM representations

Bartsch¹,

Shepherdson²

2020

Preprint

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Previous research indicates that LTM may contribute to performance in working memory (WM)tasks. Across three experiments we investigate the extent to which active maintenance in WM can bereplaced by relying on information stored in episodic LTM, thereby freeing capacity for additionalinformation in WM. First, we presented participants with word pairs to encode into LTM, followed by aWM task, also involving word pairs. Crucially, the pairs presented in each WM trial comprised varyingnumbers of new pairs and the previously learned LTM pairs. Experiment 1 showed that recallperformance in the WM task was unaffected when memory set size increased through the addition ofLTM pairs, but that it deteriorated when set size increased through adding new pairs. In Experiment 2 weinvestigated the robustness of this effect, orthogonally manipulating the number of new and LTM pairsused in the WM task. Performance declined with the addition of LTM pairs for low WM load, but wasstill superior to performance with the same set size of only new pairs. By contrast, adding LTM pairs didnot affect recall performance at higher WM load. In Experiment 3 we show that the benefit of LTMrepresentations arises from retrieving these at (WM) test, leading them to suffer from typical interferenceeffects. We conclude that individuals can outsource workload to LTM to optimise performance, and thatthe WM system possesses a gate to LTM that can be opened or closed depending on the current memoryload.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Freeing capacity in WM through the use of LTM representations

Bartsch¹,

Shepherdson²

2020

Preprint

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“…While a minority of aged individuals will maintain peak cognitive performance during senescence (Rowe & Kahn, 1987), characterized by low probability of disease, high cognitive and physical functional capacity, and active life engagement (Rowe & Kahn, 1997), many individuals in their 7 th and 8 th decades will display detrimental changes in memory. A deterioration in episodic memory (memory of autobiographical events), in some cases detectable as early as middle-age (Small, Stern, Tang, & Mayeux, 1999; Verhaeghen, Vandenbroucke, & Dierckx, 1998), may be indicative of the likelihood to develop mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the debilitating and progressive neurodegenerative condition, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Small, Dixon, & McArdle, 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in hippocampal activity and Alzheimer’s disease.

Setti¹,

Hunsberger²,

Reed³

2017

Translational Issues in Psychological Science

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The aging population and those with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are at increased risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Individuals with aMCI in particular may display pathological changes in brain function that may ultimately result in a diagnosis of AD. This review focuses specifically on hippocampal hyperexcitability, a pathology that is sometimes detectable years before diagnosis, which has been observed in individuals with aMCI. We describe how changes in hippocampal activity are associated with, or in some cases may be permissive for, the development of AD. Finally, we describe how lifestyle changes, including exercise and dietary changes can attenuate cognitive decline and hippocampal hyperexcitability, potentially reducing the risk of developing AD.

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“…La mémoire épisodique, soit la mémoire des évènements vécus par un individu, est le type de mémoire le plus régulièrement identifié comme étant affecté par le vieillissement normal (Henry, MacLeod, Phillips, & Crawford, 2004;Mitchell, 1989;Old & Naveh-Benjamin, 2008). Lorsque comparés à de jeunes adultes, les participants âgés présentent un déficit en ce qui a trait au rappel de détails contextuels d'évènements passés, spécialement lors du rappel libre (Henry, MacLeod, Phillips, & Crawford, 2004;McIntyre & Craik, 1987;Old & Naveh-Benjamin, 2008;Spencer & Raz, 1995;Verhaeghen, Vandenbroucke, & Dierckx, 1998). Inversement, dans le vieillissement normal, la mémoire sémantique et procédurale sont typiquement préservées (Mitchell, 1989).…”

Section: Résuméunclassified

Améliorer le rappel des individus âgés de 60 ans et plus à l’aide de l’entretien cognitif : une revue et méta-analyse

Hurtubise

Viau-Quesnel

2019

Can. J. Aging

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It is often considered that older adults are unreliable witnesses, and this perception is partially supported by research that shows their testimonies tend to be less detailed than those of younger witnesses. Cognitive interviewing is an examination technique based on recall strategies developed in the field of cognitive sciences. Several recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of cognitive interviewing in samples of young adults. However, research on the use of cognitive interviewing with older witnesses is recent and still under development. The present article summarizes studies addressing the effectiveness of cognitive interviewing with older adults and provides a meta-analysis of previously published evidence. This meta-analysis includes seven studies that examined the performance of older participants and compared the effectiveness of cognitive interviewing to that obtained through other recall techniques. Results show an increase in the number of correct details recalled when cognitive interviewing is used. However, the current data do not allow for a valid conclusion on the number of incorrect details or on the accuracy of recall. Strengths and weaknesses of studies published to date are discussed in order to support the development of research in this field.

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Growing Slower and Less Accurate: Adult Age Differences in Time-Accuracy Functions for Recall and Recognition From Episodic Memory PaulVerhaeghen

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Freeing capacity in WM through the use of LTM representations

Freeing capacity in WM through the use of LTM representations

Alterations in hippocampal activity and Alzheimer’s disease.

Améliorer le rappel des individus âgés de 60 ans et plus à l’aide de l’entretien cognitif : une revue et méta-analyse

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