Group Transformation: Fruiting Body and Stalk Formation

Broersma, C; Ostrowski, Erek J.

doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0060.v1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This result shows that the same number of starting cells divided into more groups, producing more yet smaller fruiting bodies. Several lines of evidence suggest that lifting spores off the ground is an important and strongly selected trait-for example, stalked fruiting bodies have independently evolved multiple times across the eukaryotic phylogeny, suggesting a common fitness benefit to lifting spores off the substrate (reviewed in Broersma and Ostrowski 2022). The collective phenotype of the group is thus modified by the interactions among diverse strains in ways that have the potential to influence fitness negatively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From individual behaviors to collective outcomes: fruiting body formation in Dictyostelium as a group-level phenotype

Kuzdzal‐Fick

Moreno

Cooper

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Collective phenotypes, which arise from the interactions among individuals, can be important for the evolution of higher levels of biological organization. However, how a group's composition determines its collective phenotype remains poorly understood. When starved, cells of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum cooperate to build a multicellular fruiting body, and the morphology of the fruiting body is likely advantageous to the surviving spores. We assessed how the number of strains, as well as their genetic and geographic relationships to one another, impact the group's morphology and productivity. We find that some strains consistently enhance or detract from the productivity of their groups, regardless of the identity of the other group members. We also detect extensive pairwise and higher-order genotype interactions, which collectively have a large influence on the group phenotype. Whereas previous work in Dictyostelium has focused almost exclusively on whether spore production is equitable when strains cooperate to form multicellular fruiting bodies, our results suggest a previously unrecognized impact of chimeric co-development on the group phenotype. Our results demonstrate how interactions among members of a group influence collective phenotypes and how group phenotypes might in turn impact selection on the individual.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From individual behaviors to collective outcomes: fruiting body formation in Dictyostelium as a group-level phenotype

Kuzdzal‐Fick

Moreno

Cooper

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Fruiting body: a spherical mass of stress-resistant cells (spores or cysts), often in a quiescent state, that eventually undergoes disassembly and dispersal (129). Fruiting bodies often result from aggregative development and are sometimes equipped with a stalk providing elevation from the substrate, and facilitating dispersal by the wind after dissociation.…”

Section: Box 1 Glossarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed clonal-aggregative multicellularity entrained by extreme salinity fluctuations in a close relative of animals

Ros-Rocher,

Reyes-Rivera,

Foroughijabbari

et al. 2024

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Multicellularity evolved multiple times independently during eukaryotic diversification. Two distinct mechanisms underpin multicellularity: clonal development (serial cell division of a single precursor cell) and aggregation (in which independent cells assemble into a multicellular entity). Clonal and aggregative development are traditionally considered to be mutually exclusive and to result from independent acquisitions of multicellularity. Here, we show that the choanoflagellate Choanoeca flexa, a close relative of animals that forms contractile monolayers of cells (or "sheet colonies"), develops by an unconventional intermediate mechanism that we name "clonal-aggregative multicellularity". We find that C. flexa sheets can form through purely clonal processes, purely aggregative processes, or a combination of both, depending on experimental conditions. To assess the ecological relevance of these findings, we characterize the natural context of multicellular development in the native environment of C. flexa on the island of Curaçao. We show that the C. flexa life cycle is environmentally regulated by extreme salinity fluctuations in splash pools undergoing cycles of evaporation and refilling. Upon desiccation, C. flexa colonies dissociate into drought-resistant quiescent cells, which resume activity and reform multicellular sheets after rehydration. We hypothesize that clonal-aggregative development reflects selection for fast transitions into and out of multicellularity in the ephemeral context of coastal splash pools. Our findings underscore the potential of the exploration of biodiversity to reveal new fundamental biological phenomena and expand the known option space for both multicellular development and for the origin of animal multicellularity.

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Group Transformation: Fruiting Body and Stalk Formation

Cited by 2 publications

References 51 publications

From individual behaviors to collective outcomes: fruiting body formation in Dictyostelium as a group-level phenotype

From individual behaviors to collective outcomes: fruiting body formation in Dictyostelium as a group-level phenotype

Mixed clonal-aggregative multicellularity entrained by extreme salinity fluctuations in a close relative of animals

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