Group Elevator Scheduling With Advance Information for Normal and Emergency Modes

Luh, Peter B.; Xiong, Bo; Chang, Soon-Jyh

doi:10.1109/tase.2007.895217

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The problem of how to model future passengers based on the traffic statistics is discussed, e.g., in Siikonen (1997) and Utgoff and Connell (2012). The problem of how to utilize the information about the future passengers in the elevator group control is addressed, e.g., in Siikonen (1997), Luh et al (2008) and Utgoff and Connell (2012).…”

Section: Theoretical Foundationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The elevator trip OD matrix estimation problem is important since it makes it possible to obtain complete information and statistics about the elevator passenger traffic. The statistics can be used to model future passengers which, when taken into account in the elevator group control, helps to improve passenger service level (Luh et al 2008). Hence, the formulations and algorithms presented in Publications [III]- [V] are undoubtedly of interest to the elevator industry.…”

Section: Theoretical and Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because a change in the traffic conditions, e.g., a new request, may require a change to the previous dispatching decisions if they are no longer optimal. Forecasts of future passengers help to avoid bad dispatching decisions and to improve passenger service level (Luh et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Elevator Trip Origin-Destination Matrix Estimation Problem

Kuusinen¹,

Sorsa²,

Siikonen³

2015

Transportation Science

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This dissertation studies people flow in buildings, especially the process of how passengers arrive at elevator lobbies, estimation of elevator passenger traffic, and human behaviour and decision making in evacuations. The arrival process is studied by taking into account, for the first time, that passengers do not always arrive and use elevators individually but rather in batches. The results suggest that the common assumption that individual arrivals follow a Poisson distribution may not hold when the proportion of batch arrivals is large.To estimate the elevator passenger traffic in a building, new mathematical models and algorithms are developed. The new methods are based on mathematical optimization, namely, linear programming, integer least squares and constraint programming. The results from numerical experiments show that the new approaches satisfy real-time elevator control requirements. In addition, randomized algorithms result in better quality passenger traffic statistics than traditional deterministic algorithms. The dissertation presents also an experimental evacuation study. The results show that people may not be able to select the fastest exit route and that cooperation may slow down the evacuation.The new estimation models and algorithms presented in this dissertation enable better elevator control and some of them are already being implemented by KONE Corporation. The results also give new insights into the process of how passengers arrive at the elevator lobbies and use elevators and into human behaviour in evacuation situations, which affect elevator and building safety planning. Tiivistelmä Tässä väitöskirjassa tutkitaan rakennusten henkilöliikennettä, erityisesti henkilöiden saapumisprosessia hissiauloihin, hisseillä tapahtuvan henkilöliikenteen estimointia sekä henkilöiden käyttäytymistä ja päätöksentekoa rakennuksen evakuoinnissa. Saapumisprosessia tutkitaan ottaen ensimmäistä kertaa huomioon, että henkilöt eivät aina saavu ja käytä hissiä yksin vaan isommissa joukoissa. Tulokset osoittavat, että yleinen olettamus yksittäisten saapumisten Poisson jakautuneisuudesta ei välttämättä päde, kun joukkosaapumisten osuus on suuri.Rakennuksen henkilöliikenteen estimoimiseksi väitöskirjassa kehitetään matemaattisia malleja ja algoritmeja, jotka perustuvat lineaariseen optimointiin, pienimmän neliösumman kokonaislukuoptimointiin ja rajoiteoptimointiin. Numeeristen testien tulokset osoittavat, että menetelmät toteuttavat todellisen hissiohjauksen reaaliaikavaatimukset. Lisäksi satunnaistetut algoritmit tuottavat laadultaan parempia henkilöliikennetilastoja kuin perinteiset deterministiset algoritmit. Väitöskirjassa esitetään myös kokeellinen evakuointitutkimus, jonka tulokset osoittavat, että ihmiset eivät välttämättä kykene valitsemaan nopeinta poistumisreittiä ja että evakuoitavien pyrkimys yhteistyöhön voi hidastaa poistumista.Väitöskirjassa kehitetyt henkilöliikenteen estimointimallit ja -algoritmit mahdollistavat hissien tehokkaamman ohjaamisen ja osa menetelmistä on jo tuotannossa KONE...

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Section: Theoretical Foundationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical and Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Elevator Trip Origin-Destination Matrix Estimation Problem

Kuusinen¹,

Sorsa²,

Siikonen³

2015

Transportation Science

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“…Other computer science approaches that cannot be classified as artificial intelligence techniques appear in the scientific literature (see references [25,26]), as well as in the vertical transportation patents databases. Some of them could also have been classified as expert rules but focus more on heuristic approaches.…”

Section: Ii6 Approaches Based On Other Computer Science Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A State of the Art on the Most Relevant Patents in Vertical Transportation in Buildings

Cortés¹,

Martín²,

Muñuzuri³

2010

CSENG

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Nowadays, the building industry and its associated technologies are experiencing a period of rapid growth, which requires an equivalent growth regarding technologies in the field of vertical transportation. Therefore, the installation of synchronised elevator groups in modern buildings is a common practice in order to govern the dispatching, allocation and movement of the cars shaping the group. So, elevator control and management has become a major field of application for Artificial Intelligence approaches. Methodologies such as fuzzy logic, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, ant colonies, or multiagent systems are being successfully proposed in the scientific literature, and are being adopted by the leading elevator companies as elements that differentiate them from their competitors. In this sense, the most relevant companies are adopting strategies based on the protection of their discoveries and inventions as registered patents in different countries throughout the world. This paper presents a comprehensive state of the art of the most relevant recent patents on computer science applied to vertical transportation.

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“…For these systems, passenger arrival times, origins, and destinations are known before the systems make decisions. The latest advancements in sensor technology and information technology further open up the possibility to collect future traffic information within a certain time window [3]- [6]. Beyond such information, statistical data and/or statistical forecasts have been exploited to create virtual future passenger traffic [7]- [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Group Elevator Scheduling With Advance Information

Sun

Zhao

Luh

2010

IEEE Trans. Automat. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract-Group elevator scheduling has received considerable attention due to its importance to transportation efficiency for mid-rise and high-rise buildings. One important trend to improve elevator systems is to collect advance traffic information. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge to develop new scheduling methods which can effectively utilize such information. This paper is to solve the group elevator scheduling problem with advance traffic information. This problem is difficult due to various traffic patterns, complicated car dynamics, and combinatorial explosion of the search space. A two-level formulation is developed with passenger-to-car assignment at the high-level and single car dispatching that is innovatively formulated as passenger-to-trip assignment at the low-level. Detailed car dynamics are embedded in simulation models for performance evaluation. Taking advantage of advance information, a new door action control method is suggested to increase the flexibility of elevators. In view of the hierarchical problem structure, a two-level optimization framework is established. Key problem characteristics are exploited to develop an effective trip-based heuristic for single car dispatching, and a hybrid nested partitions and genetic algorithm method for passenger-to-car assignment which can be extended to solve a generic class of sequential decision problems. Numerical results demonstrate solution quality, computational efficiency, benefit of advance information and the new door action control method, and values of new features in our hybrid method. Q. Note to Practitioners-This

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Group Elevator Scheduling With Advance Information for Normal and Emergency Modes

Cited by 42 publications

References 17 publications

The Elevator Trip Origin-Destination Matrix Estimation Problem

The Elevator Trip Origin-Destination Matrix Estimation Problem

A State of the Art on the Most Relevant Patents in Vertical Transportation in Buildings

Optimization of Group Elevator Scheduling With Advance Information

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