Group B Streptococcal Infection in Humans

Wilkinson, Hazel W.

doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.32.100178.000353

Cited by 84 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…신생아 GBS 감염의 약 70%는 생후 3일 이내에 발병하며 대부분 출생 시 임신부의 산도에 존재하는 GBS를 흡 인함으로써 발생되고, 지연감염은 대개 생후 7일 이후에 발병 한다 [5,6]. GBS의 병원성은 혈청형에 따라 달라서 혈청형 II와 III의 병원성이 가장 높으며, 신생아 GBS 감염에서는 혈청형 III이 가장 흔히 분리되고 최근에는 지역에 따라 혈청형 V의 분 리율이 급격히 증가하는 추세에 있다 [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Colonization Rate, Serotypes, and Distributions of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin_BResistant Types of Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women

Choi

Jang

et al. 2009

Korean J Clin Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: 서 론unclassified

Colonization Rate, Serotypes, and Distributions of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin_BResistant Types of Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women

Choi

Jang

et al. 2009

Korean J Clin Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is a common colonizer of the gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts of up to 40% of healthy individuals (1). However, under certain circumstances, GBS can become a life-threatening pathogen causing invasive infections in human neonates (2,3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acidic pH Strongly Enhances In Vitro Biofilm Formation by a Subset of Hypervirulent ST-17 Streptococcus agalactiae Strains

D’Urzo

Martinelli

Pezzicoli

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a primary colonizer of the anogenital mucosa of up to 40% of healthy women and an important cause of invasive neonatal infections worldwide. Among the 10 known capsular serotypes, GBS type III accounts for 30 to 76% of the cases of neonatal meningitis. In recent years, the ability of GBS to form biofilm attracted attention for its possible role in fitness and virulence. Here, a new in vitro biofilm formation protocol was developed to guarantee more stringent conditions, to better discriminate between strong-, low-, and non-biofilm-forming strains, and to facilitate interpretation of data. This protocol was used to screen the biofilm-forming abilities of 366 GBS clinical isolates from pregnant women and from neonatal infections of different serotypes in relation to medium composition and pH. The results identified a subset of isolates of serotypes III and V that formed strong biofilms under acidic conditions. Importantly, the best biofilm formers belonged to serotype III hypervirulent clone ST-17. Moreover, the abilities of proteinase K to strongly inhibit biofilm formation and to disaggregate mature biofilms suggested that proteins play an essential role in promoting GBS biofilm initiation and contribute to biofilm structural stability. Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a leading cause of invasive neonatal infections worldwide. It is a common colonizer of the gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts of up to 40% of healthy individuals (1). However, under certain circumstances, GBS can become a life-threatening pathogen causing invasive infections in human neonates (2, 3). Earlyonset group B streptococcal disease occurs in infants less than 7 days old, and late-onset disease (LOD) occurs in infants between 7 and 89 days old. GBS is usually transmitted from mothers to newborns during childbirth (4), but it can also penetrate the human placenta (5), and in the case of LOD, it can be nosocomially acquired.Historically, GBS isolates have been classified into 10 different serotypes according to their capsular polysaccharide composition (6, 7). Multiple surveillance studies have indicated that all serotypes are able to colonize the vagina and perianal region of pregnant women, but five serotypes (Ia, Ib, II, III, and V) are predominant and are also the most frequent in human infections (8-12). In particular, serotype III accounts for 30 to 76% of neonatal disease cases (13,14). The use of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) allowed the classification of GBS isolates independently from their capsular serotypes and the identification of the bacterial genogroups more often associated with invasive infections in newborns (15). Serotype III isolates of a particular genotype cluster, sequence type 17 (ST-17), disproportionately cause late-onset GBS disease (15-19) and more frequently cause meningitis than other STs do (20). The precise mechanism by which ST-17 causes LOD more frequently than other STs do is not well unde...

show abstract

“…This same trend was reflected in North America with a paucity of cases in the 1930-1950s [25,26] , reports of other infections causing neonatal disease, but not GBS [25,[27][28][29][30][31][32] , and then a trickle of reports in the 1960s, rising markedly in the 1970s [8,[32][33][34][35][36][37] . The reporting of disease in North America appears to precede reporting in the UK by a few years.…”

Section: Pubmed and Internet Searchesmentioning

confidence: 68%

Cow’s Milk and the Emergence of Group B Streptococcal Disease in Newborn Babies

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS), the most significant cause of neonatal bacterial sepsis, is thought to have emerged in the 1960s. GBS also causes mastitis in cows, and there is indirect evidence that human GBS is derived from a bovine ancestor. Objective: A major change in the collection of milk from farms, using bulk tanks rather than churns, occurred in the 1960s. We sought to define the temporal relationship between this change in farming and the emergence of GBS neonatal disease. Methods: We searched PubMed for reports of GBS disease from 1930 until 1980 to more exactly determine the time of emergence of neonatal infection and supported this data with UK hospital admission statistics for GBS infections. We identified the dates of the change from churns to bulk tanks by searching the internet and books for information on the history of milk transportation, farming and milk collection in the UK. Results: There are no PubMed reports of neonatal GBS disease between 1930 and 1950, and reports from the UK only emerged in the mid-1960s, confirming the notion that GBS neonatal infection was a newly emergent disease in the 1960s. No national data on hospital admissions are available around this time, but the Oxford Record Linkage Study, with admission data available for Oxford from 1968, showed no cases of neonatal disease until 1974. Cow’s milk collection in the UK switched to bulk tank between 1960 and 1979, and publications relating to GBS disease emerged soon after. Conclusions: There is a temporal relationship between the emergence of neonatal GBS disease reports in the UK in the 1960s and a change in cow’s milk collection. This finding may be a temporal coincidence or may add support to the notion that human GBS was historically derived from a bovine ancestor.

show abstract

Group B Streptococcal Infection in Humans

Cited by 84 publications

References 44 publications

Colonization Rate, Serotypes, and Distributions of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin_BResistant Types of Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women

Colonization Rate, Serotypes, and Distributions of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin_BResistant Types of Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women

Acidic pH Strongly Enhances In Vitro Biofilm Formation by a Subset of Hypervirulent ST-17 Streptococcus agalactiae Strains

Cow’s Milk and the Emergence of Group B Streptococcal Disease in Newborn Babies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Group B Streptococcal Infection in Humans

Cited by 84 publications

References 44 publications

Colonization Rate, Serotypes, and Distributions of Macrolide-Lincosamide-StreptograminBResistant Types of Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women

Colonization Rate, Serotypes, and Distributions of Macrolide-Lincosamide-StreptograminBResistant Types of Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women

Acidic pH Strongly Enhances In Vitro Biofilm Formation by a Subset of Hypervirulent ST-17 Streptococcus agalactiae Strains

Cow’s Milk and the Emergence of Group B Streptococcal Disease in Newborn Babies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Colonization Rate, Serotypes, and Distributions of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin_BResistant Types of Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women

Colonization Rate, Serotypes, and Distributions of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin_BResistant Types of Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women