Group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2) are enriched in active eosinophilic esophagitis

Doherty, Taylor; Baum, Rachel; Newbury, Robert; Yang, Tom; Dohil, Ranjan; Aquino, Melissa; Doshi, Ami; Walford, Hannah H.; Kurten, Richard C.; Broide, David H.; Aceves, Seema S.

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.05.048

Cited by 101 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), lineage-negative innate immune cells that are observed at elevated levels in the esophagus of patients with EoE [49 • ], secrete large quantities of type 2 cytokines in response to IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP [50]. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, a lineage of innate-like T cells responsive to lipid antigens, have the capacity to produce type 2 cytokines [51].…”

Section: Development Of the Type 2 Inflammatory Milieu In Eoementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel immunologic mechanisms in eosinophilic esophagitis

Caldwell

Paul

Rothenberg

2017

Current Opinion in Immunology

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Section: Development Of the Type 2 Inflammatory Milieu In Eoementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel immunologic mechanisms in eosinophilic esophagitis

Caldwell

Paul

Rothenberg

2017

Current Opinion in Immunology

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“…Group 2 ILCs (ILC2s), a lineage-negative lymphocyte which express CRTH2, are induced by IL-33 and TSLP to produce large amounts of Th2 cytokines, and are enriched in biopsies of patients with active EoE [181]. Further research is warranted to determine whether either of these innate lymphocyte populations play a prominent role in EoE pathogenesis.…”

Section: Pathologic and Protective Cell Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunologic Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Hill

Spergel

2016

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic allergic inflammatory disease that is triggered by food and/or environmental allergens and is characterized by a clinical and pathologic phenotype of progressive esophageal dysfunction due to tissue inflammation and fibrosis. EoE is suspected in patients with painful swallowing, among other symptoms, and is diagnosed by the presence of 15 or more eosinophils per high-power field in one or more of at least four esophageal biopsy specimens. The prevalence of EoE is increasing and has now reached rates similar to those of other chronic gastrointestinal disorders such as Crohn’s disease. In recent years, our understanding of the immunologic mechanisms underlying this condition has grown considerably. Thanks to new genetic, molecular, cellular, animal, and translational studies, we can now postulate a detailed pathway by which exposure to allergens results in a complex and coordinated type 2 inflammatory cascade that, if not intervened upon, can result in pain on swallowing, esophageal strictures, and food impaction. Here, we review the most recent research in this field to synthesize and summarize our current understanding of this complex and important disease.

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“…Recent studies disclosed that group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s), enriched in EoE,51 remain undetected in CD3 immunostain. ILC2s lack surface markers for T, B, NK or NK T cells 50.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocytic oesophagitis, eosinophilic oesophagitis and compound lymphocytic–eosinophilic oesophagitis I: histological and immunohistochemical findings

2016

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Based on the literature regarding the significance of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the initiation of EoE, we submit that the IEL phenotypes in LyE might differ from those found in EoE as they were unable to elicit the same eosinophilic response. Recent studies disclosed that group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s), enriched in EoE, remain undetected in CD3 immunostain as they lack surface markers for T, B, natural killer (NK) or NK T cells. If ILC2s also participate in the lymphocytic infiltration of EoE, then the frequency of cases with Co LyE-EoE here reported might have been much higher. The four oesophagitis phenotypes described are easy to recognise, provided that the dual staining procedure (H&E-CD3) is implemented.

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Group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2) are enriched in active eosinophilic esophagitis

Cited by 101 publications

References 10 publications

Novel immunologic mechanisms in eosinophilic esophagitis

Novel immunologic mechanisms in eosinophilic esophagitis

The Immunologic Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Lymphocytic oesophagitis, eosinophilic oesophagitis and compound lymphocytic–eosinophilic oesophagitis I: histological and immunohistochemical findings

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