Groundwater vulnerability assessment using water quality index (WQI) under geographic information system (GIS) framework in parts of Uttar Pradesh, India

Chaurasia, Abhishek Kumar; Pandey, H. K.; Tiwari, S.; Pandey, Prashant; Ram, Arun

doi:10.1007/s40899-021-00513-z

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…On the other hand, the CCME WQI method is applied for the same groundwater parameters in the study area. Additionally, some studies [9,[75][76][77][78] have used various WQIs to draw attention to the variations in the spatial-temporal classification of water sources. This context also includes calculations using a variety of arithmetic and logarithmic indexes.…”

Section: Ccme Wqimentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Groundwater Quality through Hydrochemistry Using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Water Quality Index (WQI) in Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey

Arıman,

Soydan-Oksal,

Beden

et al. 2024

Water

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This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition and spatial distribution of groundwater in the Kızılırmak Delta of Turkey and to evaluate the suitability of groundwater in the Kızılırmak Delta for drinking water use through a Water Quality Index (WQI) assessment. Eleven water parameters, including nitrate (NO3−), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl−), potassium (K+), bicarbonate (HCO3−), sulfate (SO42−), hardness (measured as CaCO3), electrical conductivity (EC), and pH were analyzed to determine the water quality of each groundwater sample. The WQI was determined using the weighted arithmetic index method and the method specified by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). The spatial distribution of the result for all observation wells was plotted. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was generated utilizing the analytical data from eleven selected samples. As a result of the study, according to the calculated WQI values, the water in most of the wells was not suitable for drinking purposes. The minimum Ca2+ concentration in the study area was 108,817 mg/L, and the maximum was 692,382 mg/L, which showed that the samples in all wells exceeded the WHO limit. The same situation is valid for Mg2+, and the values vary between 100.383 and 5183.026 mg/L. From the spatial distribution of the water quality parameters it has been understood that the eastern part of the region is more suitable than the western part for drinking purposes. The results from correlation analysis showed the strongest positive correlation between Mg2+ and Na+ and Na+ and EC as 0.989. The present study shows that the groundwater of the delta, which has deteriorating water quality, should be treated before it is used for drinking water and protected from contamination hazards.

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Section: Ccme Wqimentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Groundwater Quality through Hydrochemistry Using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Water Quality Index (WQI) in Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey

Arıman,

Soydan-Oksal,

Beden

et al. 2024

Water

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“…In the specific case of groundwater, which shows the most unfavorable quality conditions, the concentrations of iron and manganese impacted the calculation of the WQI. Other elements, such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and bicarbonates, which are introduced into the water through mineral dissolution processes, increase the mineralization state of the groundwater and affect the quality of the water [63]. Regarding the high presence of iron and manganese in groundwater, it should be noted that prolonged consumption of high concentrations of these minerals can cause diseases such as Alzheimer's, Huntington's, Parkinson's, and other cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, as well as cognitive impairments [53].…”

Section: Water Quality Index (Wqi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework to Evaluate Groundwater Quality and the Relationship between Rock Weathering and Groundwater Hydrogeochemistry in the Tropical Zone: A Case Study of Coastal Aquifer Arroyo Grande, in the Caribbean Region of Colombia

Arroyo-Figueroa,

Chalá,

Gutiérrez-Ribon

et al. 2024

Water

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Hydrochemical analysis is crucial for understanding soil and water composition dynamics in coastal aquifers. This study presents a novel framework for the comprehensive assessment of groundwater quality, integrating multivariate analysis and hydrochemical techniques. It comprises seven stages aimed at characterizing physicochemical properties, identifying water constituents, elucidating dominant mechanisms in water composition, evaluating ion exchange processes, analyzing spatial distribution of components, identifying impacting processes, and assessing drinking water quality. The framework was applied to the coastal unconfined Arroyo Grande aquifer in Cartagena, Colombia. Fifteen points were sampled, assessing physicochemical parameters such as total hardness, alkalinity, pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, anions, cations, among others. Findings reveal the presence of dominant anions including bicarbonate, chloride, and sulfate, with relevant variations observed between the dry and wet season, with manganese and iron surpassing WHO drinking water standards. The prevalence of these constituents has been attributed to mineral dissolution, ion exchange, salinization due to seawater intrusion, and anthropogenic contamination. Over 50% of samples in both seasons fail to meet freshwater drinking standards due to elevated dissolved mineral concentrations in groundwater. These findings provide insights for sustainable management and mitigation strategies, and the systematic approach enables researchers to identify key factors influencing water composition.

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“…Later by the year, many research was carried out based on WQI to evaluate the suitability of groundwater (GWQI) in various parts of the country, viz. Nagpur, Maharashtra (Rajankar et al 2009), Tumkur, Karnataka (Ramakrishnaiah et al 2009), Visakhapatnam, Andhra (Latha and Rao 2010), Virudunagar, Tamil Nadu (Magesh et al 2013), Rajkot, Gujarat (Gopal et al 2016), Nashik Maharashtra (Wagh et al 2017), Telangana (Adimalla 2019), Ramgarh and Hazaribagh, Jharkhand (Kumar and Krishna 2021), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh (Chaurasia 2021), etc. However, there is minimal information available on the application of CCME-WQI to assess the quality of groundwater (Venkatramanan et al 2016;Wagh et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability Evaluation of CCME-WQI and GWQI for the Modeling of Groundwater and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals - Eastern India

Saw

Mahato

Singh

2021

Preprint

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The present study assessed the suitability of groundwater by using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI) and the Groundwater Water Quality Index (GWQI) Model. Six heavy metals viz. arsenic (As), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), and Nickel (Ni) were investigated in the groundwater from 65 locations of Ranchi city by the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The spatial distribution of WQI was established by Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation technique using ArcGIS 10.3. The mystery of hydrogeochemical evolution in groundwater was elucidated by plotting the Piper trilinear diagram of major cations (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+) and anions (HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, F-). Significant fluctuations in the water level during PRM (7.38mbgl to 10.5 mbgl) and POM (4.3- 6.4 mbgl) season were observed in the central part of the study area. Performance evaluation of WQI models indicated that the CCMEWQI performed better than GWQI for assessing the quality index of groundwater with a comparatively higher coefficient value (R2 0.97) and less NMSE (4.34) RMSE (27.38), MAPE (0.357). The health risk of heavy metals via the oral route was investigated by calculating hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). The HI value was observed maximum for As followed by Mn >Pb > Ni >Fe >Cu for adults and children. The spatial distribution map of HI indicated that most of the studies area are at a non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals. The study provides immense help for water authorities and public health decision-makers to prevent the community's health risk.

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Groundwater vulnerability assessment using water quality index (WQI) under geographic information system (GIS) framework in parts of Uttar Pradesh, India

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Assessment of Groundwater Quality through Hydrochemistry Using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Water Quality Index (WQI) in Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey

Assessment of Groundwater Quality through Hydrochemistry Using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Water Quality Index (WQI) in Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey

A Framework to Evaluate Groundwater Quality and the Relationship between Rock Weathering and Groundwater Hydrogeochemistry in the Tropical Zone: A Case Study of Coastal Aquifer Arroyo Grande, in the Caribbean Region of Colombia

Suitability Evaluation of CCME-WQI and GWQI for the Modeling of Groundwater and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals - Eastern India

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