Groundwater Vulnerability and Risk Assessment in A Karst Aquifer of Greece Using EPIK Method

Vogelbacher, Anastasia; Kazakis, Nerantzis; Voudouris, K.; Bold, Steffen

doi:10.3390/environments6110116

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Initially this type of models dealt only with groundwater intrinsic vulnerability, which is brought upon by the natural, hydrogeological factors of an aquifer (Vrba and Zoporozec, 1994;van Beynen et al, 2012). Revised versions of the models incorporated few aspects of specific vulnerability (natural parameters and human activities) namely information on land cover (Arauzo, 2017;Salman et al, 2019;Vogelbacher et al, 2019) and performed better than the purely intrinsic methods (Stigter et al, 2006). Nevertheless, there is some doubt that the concept of aquifer vulnerability is a valuable tool for groundwater quality protection, due to discrepancies between nitrate pollution maps and vulnerability maps (Stigter et al, 2006;Foster et al, 2007Foster et al, , 2013Rizeei et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating the agricultural N surplus hazard into groundwater pollution risk: Implications for effectiveness of mitigation measures in nitrate vulnerable zones

Cameira

Rolim

Valente

et al. 2021

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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In the Nitrate Vulnerable Zones farmers are required to implement measures to reduce the nitrogen (N) surplus. Nevertheless, in some cases the status of the water bodies show that the effect of these measures remains insufficient despite the global decrease in N surpluses. The present work aims to contribute with a method that produces an appropriate indicator for the N mitigation measures effectiveness for reducing groundwater nitrate pollution. The Global Risk Index (GRI) results from overlaying the agricultural N surplus hazard and aquifer vulnerability. It includes both irrigation activity and precipitation contribution to water recharge calculated at the municipality level. It integrates a range of regional datasets combined with monitored nitrate (NO 3 − ) concentrations in groundwater under a GIS framework. Results show that the pollution status of the Tagus Vulnerable Zone (TVZ) aquifers has been aggravating in spite of the overall reduction in the N surpluses that resulted from the implementation of the Nitrates Directive measures. Twelve years after the TVZ designation, the GRI indicates high and moderate NO 3 -pollution risk, respectively in 33 % and 66 % of the territory. Scenario analysis indicates the potential of targeted measures for ending high risk areas and reducing moderate risk areas to 13 %. This supports that N mitigation measures must be reformulated and spatially targeted according to site specific hazards and vulnerabilities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating the agricultural N surplus hazard into groundwater pollution risk: Implications for effectiveness of mitigation measures in nitrate vulnerable zones

Cameira

Rolim

Valente

et al. 2021

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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“…These methods have been developed and used to identify the groundwater vulnerability in the porous aquifer. On the other hand, some methods have been proposed, i.e., EPIC [16]- [19], PI [17], APLIS [20]- [22], and COP [6], [9], [19], [23]- [25] to analyze the groundwater vulnerability in karst areas which has the typical hydrogeological condition due to the carbonate overlying rocks. According to the potentially high vulnerability of the groundwater resources, an analysis of groundwater intrinsic vulnerability in the karst area is very important to support the government in managing the land use and environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability using COP Method to Support the Groundwater Protection in Karst Area

Yogafanny

Legono

2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The karst landform holds considerable water resource potential and is known for its underground rivers. On the other hand, the high porosity carbonate rocks on this landform cause the decrease of the natural protection function against groundwater pollution. Hence, the analysis of groundwater vulnerability in the karst area is prominent before making the spatial planning regulation. This recent study aimed to analyze the groundwater vulnerability in the karst area located in a part of Umbulrejo Village, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and proposed action in groundwater protection. The method used in this research was based on the COP method. The data acquisition was conducted by survey method both for primary and secondary data. The COP (Concentration of flow, overlaying layers, and precipitation) analysis was supported by ArcGis software. The analysis of groundwater vulnerability showed that there were two vulnerability classes, i.e., very high (48.6%) and high (51.4%). These results were influenced mainly by the close distance of the recharge area to swallow holes and the lithology type (karst), which contributed to a very high value in reducing protection against groundwater. A proposed action to support groundwater protection is regulating the land utilization in the area of the settlements.

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“…Additionally, the strong hydraulic alternation conditions make this kind of water more susceptible to pollution and rapid migration, thereby posing health risks to the supply objects [5,6]. In view of the concealment of groundwater contamination and difficulty in remediation [7], prevention measures should be taken as the main means for groundwater protection when conducting industrial development, especially in karst areas [8][9][10]. Studies of heterogeneity, development degree and hydrogeochemical characteristics in typical karst aquifers can provide important information for sustainable development of groundwater and safety management of drinking groundwater sources [11,12], which is particularly important for developing the complex karst conduit systems and being the only drinking groundwater source for more than 15,000 people in the study area of this paper [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Geophysical and Hydrogeochemical Methods to the Protection of Drinking Groundwater in Karst Regions

Song

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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To provide theoretical support for the protection of centralized drinking groundwater sources in karst areas, it is necessary to accurately identify the development of karst conduits and analyze the differences in hydrogeochemical characteristics of different karst systems. This provides a scientific basis for the accurate designation of risk zones that may cause drinking groundwater pollution. In this study, a geophysical survey, hydrogeological chemical process analysis and optimized fuzzy cluster analysis were used to gradually improve the understanding of karst water systems. AMT and HDR methods were used to calibrate the resistivity around the water-filling karst conduits, which ranged from 39 to 100 Ω·m. A total of seven karst systems were identified, including four karst systems in the north of the study area, one karst system in the west and two karst systems in the south. Analysis of the hydrochemical data showed that HCO3-Ca and HCO3-Mg-Ca types accounted for 90% of all samples. The δD and δ18O values of their main conduits were −51.70‰ to −38.30‰ and −7.99‰ to −5.96‰, respectively. The optimized fuzzy clustering analysis method based on the weight of variables assigned by AHP more accurately verified karst water systems. Based on these findings, the drinking groundwater source risk zone was designated with an area of 33.90 km2, accounting for 34.5% of the study area. This study effectively improved the rationality and accuracy of the designation of drinking groundwater source risk zones in karst areas, and provided a scientific basis for the identification of karst water systems and decision-making of drinking groundwater source protection in karst areas.

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Groundwater Vulnerability and Risk Assessment in A Karst Aquifer of Greece Using EPIK Method

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Translating the agricultural N surplus hazard into groundwater pollution risk: Implications for effectiveness of mitigation measures in nitrate vulnerable zones

Translating the agricultural N surplus hazard into groundwater pollution risk: Implications for effectiveness of mitigation measures in nitrate vulnerable zones

Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability using COP Method to Support the Groundwater Protection in Karst Area

Application of Geophysical and Hydrogeochemical Methods to the Protection of Drinking Groundwater in Karst Regions

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