Groundwater–surface water interactions of Ciliwung River streams, segment Bogor–Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

CiliwungRiver water quality and its vicinity have been continuously degraded with the increasing population. The objective of this research is to understand the association between river and groundwater, and the water quality profile. Field measurements ware taken from 65 stations from Bogor to Jakarta. Water level, temperature, pH, and TDS were measured to build the water flow map and hydrochemical profile. Small-scale geoelectrical survey was conducted at five locations to capture the aquifer's geometry. We identified three types of stream relationships between river and groundwater: effluent from Bogor to Katulampa (Segment 1), perched at the University of Indonesia (UI) area (Segment 2), and influent from UI to Muara (Segment 3), with low gradient from \0.1 to 0.3. The temperature profile of river and groundwater shows similar pattern as well as TDS profile. All similarities support close connection of river and groundwater. The increasing TDS towards downstream shows increasing enrichment and contamination. The erratic pattern of pH indicates chemical instability due to high contamination. This study highlights the benefit of understanding the hydrodynamic relationship between river water and groundwater. Such interaction triggers water quality exchange between both water bodies. Therefore, a similar study should also be done on other riverbanks in Indonesia to protect water quality.

The importance of integrated solutions to flooding and water quality problems in the tropical megacity of Jakarta

“…Furthermore, a geological fault located in Depok has been identified to cause two distinct regions characterized by exfiltration and infiltration in respectively the southern and northern areas (Irawan et al, 2014), and therefore changes in the hydraulic conditions and quality of the Ciliwung water may affect the groundwater system in Jakarta, especially in riverine areas.…”

“…Since infiltration mainly occurs in the northern part of the catchment (Irawan et al, 2014), simulations will focus on the downstream site, KM, in Central Jakarta. The topographic data required by the model were provided by a geo-referenced Digital Surface Model (DSM) of the KM region, which was generated by Lin and Girot (2014) using stereo photography techniques from high resolution point cloud data captured using UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles).…”

“…losing stream) as it flows through Jakarta, fluctuations of its surface water quality are likely to affect riverine groundwater. For instance Irawan et al (2014) investigated the interactions in the large Jakarta area between this river and the groundwater system and noted that groundwater chemistry is highly variable in space and complex at localized scales.…”

Groundwater and river water interaction to solve water shortage: a case from Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

“…It basically classifies the variables in to principal components (PC). It succesfully used as tools to analyse hydrogeological nature based on water quality (Irawan et al, 2009(Irawan et al, , 2014Irawan, Puradimaja & Silaen, 2012). The random forest (Breiman, 2001;Hastie, Tibshirani & Friedman, 2001;Liaw & Wiener, 2002b) is an ensemble approach that can also be thought of as a form of nearest neighbor predictor.…”

Review on INArxiv preprint: K-Means Method for Clustering Water Quality Status on The Rivers of Banjarmasin

“…Alasan saya yang kedua adalah, pada Sungai Cikapundung (Darul et al, 2015), Sungai Ciliwung (Irawan et al, 2014), dan Cisadane (Dasapta Erwin Irawan, 2016) serta anak-anak sungai di Gunung Ciremai (Irawan et al, 2009), sangat mungkin ada kontribusi air tanah ke sungai. Rembesan air dari akuifer ini juga dapat membawa zat polutan terutama bila aliran air tanah bersinggungan dengan titik-titik sumber kontaminasi organik, misal septic tank.…”