Groundwater–strain coupling before the 1999 M w 7.6 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake

Chen, Chieh‐Hung; Tang, Chi‐Chia; Cheng, Kai Chien; Wang, Chung-Ho; Wen, Strong; Lin, Chia‐Hua; Wen, Yi-Ying; Meng, Guojie; Yeh, Teng Kuang; Jan, Jyh Cherng; Yen, Horng Yuan; Liu, Jann Yenq

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.03.006

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Meanwhile, the alignments of seismo-crustal displacements anomaly can be utilized as references to examine other promising seismo-anomalies [40,45]. Negative (positive) strain changes can relate to uplift (depression) of seismo-ground water levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Pre-Earthquake Deformation Patterns in the Spatial Domains from GPS in Taiwan

et al. 2020

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Most earthquakes are considered to be caused by stress accumulating in and subsequently releasing from the crust. To extract non-linear and non-stationary earthquake-induced signals associated with stress accumulation, the Hilbert–Huang transform was utilized to filter long-term movements, short-term noise, and frequency-dependent (annual and semi-annual) variations from surface displacements measured by the global positioning system (GPS) in Taiwan. Earthquake-related surface displacements were expressed as horizontal directions (i.e., GPS azimuths) using the north–south and east–west components of residual GPS data to bypass influences resulted from the inhomogeneous nature of the crust. Analytical results showed that the relationships between earthquake occurrence and the aligned GPS azimuth passed the statistical test of the Molchan’s error diagram. Aligned GPS azimuths were in agreement with direction of earthquake-related P axes for 81% (26/32) studied events. Areas with the highest paralleling orientations of GPS azimuths appeared around epicenters several days to weeks before earthquake occurrence. Durations from aligned GPS azimuths to earthquake occurrence are roughly proportional to earthquake magnitude. Similar variations of the GPS azimuths were observed in GPS data containing or excluding co-seismic dislocation (i.e., one day before) in the temporal and spatial domain. These suggest that the aligned GPS azimuth could be a promising anomalous phenomenon for studying crustal deformation before earthquakes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Pre-Earthquake Deformation Patterns in the Spatial Domains from GPS in Taiwan

et al. 2020

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“…Atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves have been considered as one of the factors that induce changes in ionospheric density, which could cause seismo-ionospheric perturbations before earthquakes [8][9][10][11][12]. However, seeking seismic-related vibration sources such as crustal displacements [13][14][15][16][17][18] and ground motion occurring before earthquakes has remained a great challenge until the present. On 6 February 2016, the M6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Epicenters before Earthquakes Utilizing Far Seismic and GNSS Data: Insights from Ground Vibrations

Chen

Yeh

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

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Broadband seismometers, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), and magnetometers that were located within an epicentral distance of approximately 150 km consistently observed the novel anomalous behaviors of the common-mode ground vibrations approximately 5–10 days before the M6.6 Meinong earthquake in Taiwan. The common-mode ground vibrations with amplitudes near 0.1 m at frequencies ranging from 8 × 10−5 to 2 × 10−4 Hz were generated near the region close to the epicenter of the impending earthquake. The common-mode vibrations were consistently observed in seismic and GNSS data associated with five other earthquakes in four distinct areas. The results reveal that the common-mode vibrations could be a typical behavior before earthquakes. The causal mechanism of common-mode vibrations can be attributed to crustal resonance excitations before fault dislocations occur. Potential relationships with other pre-earthquake anomalies suggest that the common-mode vibrations could be ground motion before earthquakes, which was investigated for a significant length of time.

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“…As a result, it is very difficult to relate the geochemical anomalies to a specific process and prove that are really associated with earthquakes. Despite this, water chemical anomalies are increasingly recorded at distances between 20 km and more than 200 km from strong earthquake epicenters (Andrén et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2015;Claesson et al, 2004;De Luca et al, 2018;Grant et al, 2011;Huang et al, 2012;Igarashi et al, 1995;Inan et al, 2012;Ingebritsen & Manga, 2014;Sano & Wakita, 2016;Skelton et al, 2008Skelton et al, , 2014Skelton et al, , 2019Wakita et al, 1988;Wang & Manga, 2010;Wästeby et al, 2014;Zeng et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ Inflow and Elements Desorption Prior to a Seismic Sequence, Amatrice‐Norcia 2016, Italy

Boschetti

Barbieri

Barberio

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The 2016 Mw ≥ 6.0 Amatrice‐Norcia earthquakes (central Apennines, Italy) and the related seismic sequence were associated with increases in arsenic and vanadium concentrations recorded in groundwater springs a few months before the earthquakes occurred. To evaluate these signals as reliable seismic precursors and effective predictive tools, we studied the geochemical processes that caused these anomalies. Using chemical and isotope models, we show that increased concentrations of arsenic and vanadium, a slight increase in boron concentrations, and a concomitant lowering of the boron isotope ratio may be due to mineral desorption (e.g., from iron oxides and/or clays). We argue that a displacing effect on the trace elements sorbed on minerals was triggered by an excess of deep CO2 in groundwater, which occurred prior to the main seismic event as a result of preseismic crustal dilation. Our observations confirm the pivotal role of CO2 in the release of trace elements by alteration of solid phases and provide a new understanding of earthquake‐related water chemical anomalies.

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Groundwater–strain coupling before the 1999 M w 7.6 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Unique Pre-Earthquake Deformation Patterns in the Spatial Domains from GPS in Taiwan

Unique Pre-Earthquake Deformation Patterns in the Spatial Domains from GPS in Taiwan

Determination of Epicenters before Earthquakes Utilizing Far Seismic and GNSS Data: Insights from Ground Vibrations

CO₂ Inflow and Elements Desorption Prior to a Seismic Sequence, Amatrice‐Norcia 2016, Italy

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Groundwater–strain coupling before the 1999 M w 7.6 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Unique Pre-Earthquake Deformation Patterns in the Spatial Domains from GPS in Taiwan

Unique Pre-Earthquake Deformation Patterns in the Spatial Domains from GPS in Taiwan

Determination of Epicenters before Earthquakes Utilizing Far Seismic and GNSS Data: Insights from Ground Vibrations

CO2 Inflow and Elements Desorption Prior to a Seismic Sequence, Amatrice‐Norcia 2016, Italy

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CO₂ Inflow and Elements Desorption Prior to a Seismic Sequence, Amatrice‐Norcia 2016, Italy