Groundwater Risk Assessment of Shallow Aquifers within the Atankwidi Basin of Northeastern Ghana

Anim-Gyampo, Maxwell; Anornu, Geophrey K.; Agodzo, Sampson K.; Appiah-Adjei, Emmanuel K.

doi:10.1007/s41748-018-0077-3

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Thus, the challenge of groundwater contamination by OSS practices remains prevalent in the study area. The microbial and hydro-chemical characteristics of groundwater in the study are also consistent with the findings on groundwater contamination in other peri-urban areas in SSA influenced by OSS [5,8,9]. The findings from the interviews and transition arenas attest to the periodic discharge of OSS contents during rainfall events, which increase the level of microbial contamination during the wet season.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…OSS refers to sanitation (fecal) disposal systems that are not connected to a sewerage network, including pit latrines and septic tanks [2,3]. In SSA, over 70% of the population relies upon groundwater for domestic use, in a situation where the majority of the residents use unimproved sanitation facilities for disposal of fecal waste, mainly OSS [7][8][9]. Urban communities living in informal settlements in SSA are at high risk to the effects of groundwater contamination from OSS, considering the low level of municipal water supply in these areas [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In SSA, over 70% of the population relies upon groundwater for domestic use, in a situation where the majority of the residents use unimproved sanitation facilities for disposal of fecal waste, mainly OSS [7][8][9]. Urban communities living in informal settlements in SSA are at high risk to the effects of groundwater contamination from OSS, considering the low level of municipal water supply in these areas [8][9][10][11]. Several disease outbreaks with fatalities have been reported in communities living in informal settlements, attributed to the high risk of groundwater contamination by OSS [3,5,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socio-Institutional Drivers of Groundwater Contamination Hazards: The Case of On-Site Sanitation in the Bwaise Informal Settlement, Kampala, Uganda

Twinomucunguzi

Silvestri

Kinobe

et al. 2021

Water

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Socio-institutional factors are poorly addressed in the risk assessment of groundwater contamination. This paper contributes to the development of a socio-institutional assessment framework based on a case study of contamination by on-site sanitation (OSS) in an informal settlement of Bwaise (Kampala, Uganda). We conducted a snapshot survey of the recent extent of groundwater contamination by OSS using microbial and hydro-chemical indicators. Through transition arenas and key informant interviews, we investigated the socio-institutional drivers of the contamination. Overall, 14 out of the 17 sampled groundwater sources tested positive for Escherichia coli during the wet season. Nitrate concentrations at four sources exceeded the World Health Organization guideline value (50 mg/L), attributed to OSS. Despite the high contamination, the community highly valued groundwater as an alternative to the intermittent municipal water supply. We deduced six drivers of groundwater contamination, including land-use management, user attributes, governance, infrastructure management, groundwater valuation, and the operating environment (“LUGIVE”). Qualitative indicators for each of the drivers were also construed, and their interlinkages presented in a causal loop diagram, representing a socio-institutional assessment framework. The framework can help policymakers and the community to analyze various socio-institutional control levers to reduce the risk of groundwater contamination by OSS in informal settlements.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socio-Institutional Drivers of Groundwater Contamination Hazards: The Case of On-Site Sanitation in the Bwaise Informal Settlement, Kampala, Uganda

Twinomucunguzi

Silvestri

Kinobe

et al. 2021

Water

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“…Thus, sustaining subsurface water bodies in good quality and quantity is of outmost importance [36]. Unfortunately, natural and anthropogenic influences can negatively alter the quantity and quality of groundwater rendering it at higher vulnerability than surface water in arid and semi-arid regions [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Approach in Determining the Decadal Common Trends in the Groundwater Table of the Watershed of Lake “Neusiedlersee”

Magyar

Hatvani

Arató

et al. 2021

Water

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Shallow groundwater is one of the primary sources of fresh water, providing river base-flow and root-zone soil water between precipitation events. However, with urbanization and the increase in demand for water for irrigation, shallow groundwater bodies are being endangered. In the present study, 101 hydrographs of shallow groundwater monitoring wells from the watershed of the westernmost brackish lake in Europe were examined for the years 1997–2012 using a combination of dynamic factor and cluster analyses. The aims were (i) the determination of the main driving factors of the water table, (ii) the determination of the spatial distribution and importance of these factors, and (iii) the estimation of shallow groundwater levels using the obtained model. Results indicate that the dynamic factor models were capable of accurately estimating the hydrographs (avg. mean squared error = 0.29 for standardized water levels), meaning that the two driving factors identified (evapotranspiration and precipitation) describe most of the variances of the fluctuations in water level. Both meteorological parameters correlated with an obtained dynamic factor (r = −0.41 for evapotranspiration & r = 0.76 for precipitation). The strength of these effects displayed a spatial pattern, as did the factor loadings. On this basis, the monitoring wells could be objectively distinguished into two groups using hierarchical cluster analysis and verified by linear discriminant analysis in 98% of the cases. This grouping in turn was determined to be primarily related to the elevation and the geology of the area. It can be concluded that the application of the data analysis toolset suggested herein permits a more efficient, objective, and reproducible delineation of the primary driving factors of the shallow groundwater table in the area. Additionally, it represents an effective toolset for the forecasting of water table variations, a quality which, in the view of the likelihood of further climate change to come, is a distinctive advantage. The knowledge of these factors is crucial to a better understanding of the hydrogeological processes that characterize the water table and, thus, to developing a proper water resource management strategy for the area.

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“…Moreover, frequent and severe droughts have become a common phenomenon in recent years, which urges for changes in agricultural decision makings particularly in crop selection and water management (Zimmermann et al, 2010). Unlike wise the needful, an unplanned over-dependency on continued farming practice, along with unscientific decision making on water usage, is endangering these scarce water resources in those areas (Anim-Gyampo et al, 2019;Campisi-Pinto et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation Decisions and Use of Groundwater in Bangladesh: Perspectives on Some Evolving Crisis

2021

aijmsr

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Groundwater is one of the vital rechargeable natural capitals, which serves as the main water source around the globe. In Bangladesh, about 79% of the cultivated area relies on groundwater irrigation. The perspective piece is intended to scrutinize the irrigation decisions and groundwater use in Bangladesh from published sources. The paper points that the reason behind the excessive groundwater mining is imbedded in the heavy dependence of Bangladesh on irrigated dry season rice to feed its huge populaces. Bangladesh has obtained rice self-sufficiency by foregoing environmental costs. The farming communities as a whole rarely adopted water-saving modern technologies and keep paddy fields abundantly irrigated as the marginal cost of irrigation is near zero. The irrigation water price is commonly pre-negotiated on the basis of per unit area for the whole crop season without considering the volume of water. The perspective suggests that the ignorance about the importance of groundwater and the consequent over-extraction cannot be stopped without thorough policy reforms. Bangladesh should move toward institutionalizing irrigation, design a participatory framework involving all the stakeholders in a water management network and piloting efficient water models across the country.

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Groundwater Risk Assessment of Shallow Aquifers within the Atankwidi Basin of Northeastern Ghana

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Socio-Institutional Drivers of Groundwater Contamination Hazards: The Case of On-Site Sanitation in the Bwaise Informal Settlement, Kampala, Uganda

Socio-Institutional Drivers of Groundwater Contamination Hazards: The Case of On-Site Sanitation in the Bwaise Informal Settlement, Kampala, Uganda

A New Approach in Determining the Decadal Common Trends in the Groundwater Table of the Watershed of Lake “Neusiedlersee”

Irrigation Decisions and Use of Groundwater in Bangladesh: Perspectives on Some Evolving Crisis

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