Groundwater Resource Appraisals of Bodinga and Environs, Sokoto Basin North Western Nigeria

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The groundwater resources of semi-arid region of Bodinga town and its environs within the Sokoto basin of Northwestern Nigeria have been evaluated. Data obtained at site during pumping test sessions which lasted for a period of between 8-12 hours for a total of 67 boreholes in the area of study were used alongside Information gathered from the careful analysis of lithological logs of the drilled Boreholes. The Hydraulic conductivity for the Kalambaina, Wurno, and Taloka formations are 22.00x10 m/s , 8.00x10 -1 m/s, and 1.02x10 m/s and respectively with an average of 3.00x10 m/s for the area. The Transmissivity calculated for these formations are 167.54x10 m 2 /s, 3.02x10 m 2 /s and 3.00x10 m 2 /s respectively while the average total for the area is. 20.30x10 m 2 /s. Specific capacity for the Kalambaina is 140.00x10 m 2 /s/m, for Wurno the value is 2.10x10 m 2 /s/m while Taloka formation have a value of 2.35x10 m 2 /s/m and the mean computed for this part of the basin is 16.30x10 m 2 /s /m. Yield is between 0.23 l/s and 6.7 l/s. The calculated properties show the area to be rich in groundwater resources mainly tapped from the coarse sandy and cavernous/jointed limestone layers. However the high drawdown values recorded in some of the boreholes is attributed to the presence of silt-clay materials which act as aquiclude. The high yielding boreholes are those with thicker and sandy aquifer material and less drawdown, however the area have high groundwater resource that is partly affected by the presence of silt and clay intercalations within the sandy Aquiferous units.

Examination of Surface Water Along River-Rima Floodplain in Wamakko, Sokoto State, Nigeria

“…Wamakko is characterized by the Sokoto Plains, a lowland topography, with an average height of about 300 meters above sea level. In a few places, the lowland is interrupted by isolated hills and escarpments such as those around Kalambaina [57,58] . Recent alluvial deposits along the river valley during the Quaternary era were observed by [55] .…”

GIS-Based Vulnerability Assessment of the Semi-Arid Ecosystem to Land Degradation: Case Study of Sokoto-Rima Basin

“…There are series of interconnecting river systems with tributaries and distributaries within the basin. At the basin eastern source, it is joined by Konni River, the basin depicts traces of seasonality, and as it flows towards the western direction it becomes perennial owing to inputs from sub-surface flows from the vast Iullemeden geologic basin [27].…”

Spatial Appraisal of Seasonal Water Yield of the Sokoto-Rima Basin

“…Literature on the application of these measures within the semi-arid ecosystem of West Africa remains a rarity. Existing measures are often based on non-spatial hydrological assessments such as [8][9][10].…”

“…İn the north, including the Sokoto-Rima basin, optimal functioning of freshwater ecosystem service complexes remains seasonal hence the heavy reliance on dams and irrigation projects to supply urban and agrarian purposes. However, researches on water yield have often concentrated on annual water yield [8][9][10][12][13], while a few, such as [6][7], considered the import of seasonal water yield. These studies have shown that seasonal water yield is sufficient to capture the value of seasonal differences in water resource management, particularly for irrigation management, water requirements for crops, and urban water supplies in arid zones.…”

“…These studies have shown that seasonal water yield is sufficient to capture the value of seasonal differences in water resource management, particularly for irrigation management, water requirements for crops, and urban water supplies in arid zones. However, these latter studies showcased the essence of seasonal water yield for dryland hydrological settings such as the Sokoto-Rima basin, existing studies such as [8,10] focussed on a fraction of the issue. Questions on the dynamics and influence of seasonal water fluctuations remain largely unanswered.…”