Groundwater recharge, circulation and geochemical evolution in the source region of the Blue Nile River, Ethiopia

Kebede, S.; Travi, Yves; Alemayehu, T.; Ayenew, Tenalem

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.04.016

Cited by 155 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Mean daily temperature was 15˚C. The parent material is Tarmaber basalt rock and major soil type is Chromic Luvisols [17]. The steady state infiltration rate of the soil ranged from 7 -117 mm·hr −1 , with a median of 31 mm·hr −1 .…”

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality in an Upland Agricultural Watershed in the Sub-Humid Ethiopian Highlands

Akale¹,

Dagnew²,

Giri³

et al. 2017

JWARP

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Agricultural intensification to meet the food needs of the rapidly growing population in developing countries is negatively affecting the water quality. In most of these countries such as Ethiopia, information on surface and especially groundwater quality is lacking. This limits the measure that can be taken to stop pollution. We, therefore, investigated the spatial and temporal variation of groundwater quality in the upland watershed. Tikur-Wuha watershed was selected because it is located in the Lake Tana watershed, which is seeing the first signs of eutrophication. Groundwater samples were collected from July 2014 to June 2015 from 19 shallow wells located throughout the watershed. Collected water samples were analyzed both in situ and in the laboratory to determine pH, electric conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solid (TDS), concentration of chemicals (nitrate, dissolved phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and iron) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). We found that shallow groundwater had greater chemical concentrations and E. coli level in the monsoon rain phase than in the dry phase. Wells located down slope exhibited greater concentrations than mid-and upper-slope positions, with the exception of the nitrate concentration that was less down slope, due to denitrification in the shallow groundwater. Only E. coli level was above the WHO drinking water quality standards. Further studies on groundwater quality should be carried out to understand the extent of groundwater contamination.

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Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality in an Upland Agricultural Watershed in the Sub-Humid Ethiopian Highlands

Akale¹,

Dagnew²,

Giri³

et al. 2017

JWARP

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“…The pine forest area found in the recharge area of the spring is thought to play an important role in enriching the groundwater in CO 2 during the rainy period. In the dry period, the increase in pH is related to the hydrolysis of silicates in reducing conditions affecting groundwater moving through fractures and fi ssures at depth (Garrels and Christ, 1965;Boughton and McCoy, 2006;Kebede et al, 2005). Additionally, in the period with low recharge, the increasing waterrock interaction linked to the low hydraulic gradient may cause an increase in pH.…”

Section: Hydrochemical Characteristics Of Plajköy Springmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the dry period, the Ca +2 , Mg +2 and HCO 3 -ion concentrations are relatively high compared to the rainy period. In the dry period in addition to the increase in dissolution of carbonates linked to increasing water-rock interaction, the hydrolysis of silicates (like olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase, alkali feldspar) affects the increase in these ions' concentrations (Kimball, 1981;Kebede et al 2005).…”

Section: Hydrochemical Characteristics Of Plajköy Springmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hydrogeological Investigation of Plajköy Spring (Elaziğ)

Okan¹,

Güven²,

Çetindağ³

2018

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

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Plajköy spring discharges at the close locations to the SE shore of Lake Hazar. Lake Hazar is a tectonic Lake in Elazığ city. Plajköy spring is a fault spring that is mainly recharging from the volcanites, dikes and blocky volcanosedimentary units of Middle Eocene Maden Complex. These units have gained secondary permeability and porosity related with the active tectonics that is effective in the studied area. The present catchment system of the spring could not collect the springs and leaks discharging from different points around the system. The discharge of the catchment is measured by specifi c volume method while the other springs' and leaks' is measured by using triangular weir. Before the discharge measurement of the leaks and the springs, they have been directed to a channel. The discharge of the present catchment system and the leaks have measured twice in a month during one year period beginning from October of 2012 to November of 2013. The discharge coeffi cient of the spring is calculated 1.33*10 -3 day -1 . Discharge coeffi cient of the spring depends on the geometry and intensity of the active fracture systems in the region. Calculated discharge coeffi cient indicates that the spring discharge is related with the narrow fi ssures, fractures and pores. The total volume of discharged groundwater in the real regime of the Plajköy spring is calculated as 52* 10 3 m 3 during the period from 31 st of March, 2013 to the 13 rd of October, 2013 by Maillet formula. The spring water is Ca-Mg-HCO 3 type water related with the chemical analyses. The chemical and microbiological analyses of the spring water are correlated with the drinking water standarts of Turkey TS 266 (TSE, 2005) and World Health Organization (2004), and it is seen that the spring water is suitable for drinking. The Plajköy spring will be used more effi ciently without exposed to pollution by the new catchment plan and protection zone map that are consequently proposed in the present study.

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“…O P La majorité de l'eau du Nil provient de ses affluents éthiopiens (75 %), et cette eau ne subit quasiment pas d'évaporation jusqu'en Nubie du fait de la rapidité du flux pendant la crue (Farah et al, 2000 ;Kebede et al, 2005). En revanche l'évaporation en aval du lac Nasser cause une augmentation de +1 à +2 ‰ entre Assouan et la Méditerranée (Aly et al, 1993 ;Awad et al, 1997 ;Awad et al, 1994 ;El Bakri et al, 1996 ;Sultan et al, 2000).…”

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