Groundwater Quality Assessment for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes in Obuasi Municipality of Ghana, A Preliminary Study

Ewusi, Anthony; Obiri-yeboah, Solomon; Voigt, Hans-Jürgen; Asabere, Stephen Boahen; Bempah, Crentsil Kofi

doi:10.19026/rjees.5.5633

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Groundwater suitability for irrigation is dependent on the effects of the mineral constituents of water on both plant and soil. The important chemical constituents that affect the suitability of water for irrigation are the total concentration of dissolved salts, relative proportion of sodium-magnesium and the relative proportion of sodium to calcium (Ewusi 2013). Salts may harm plant growth physically by limiting the uptake of water through the modification of osmotic processes, or chemically by metabolic reactions such as those caused by toxic constituents Todd (1980).…”

Section: Irrigation Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characterization of groundwater in Lokoja, North-Central Nigeria

Ayuba

Tijani

2021

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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In the face of inadequate public pipe borne water supply in Lokoja (North-Central Nigeria) and its environs, groundwater through hand dug wells has become a reliable source of water for many households. However, due to poor sitting, shallow depth of wells and poor sanitation practices, there is high risk of contamination that warrants groundwater monitoring and assessment. Hence, this study focuses on hydrochemical evaluation of groundwater in Lokoja to determine its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. The study involved in-situ measurements of physical parameters (temperature, pH, EC and TDS) at each sampling location using potable meter. Subsequently, 65 groundwater samples were collected in pre-cleaned polyethylene bottles and transported to the laboratory where cations (Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + and K + ) were analyzed using ICP-MS and ICP-OES, anions (Cl − , NO 3 − and HCO 3 − ) employing colorimetry method and turbimetry method for SO 4 2− . In-situ measurements revealed that the temperature range from 25.3 to 33.7 °C (av. 30.2 °C) while pH is from 5.5 to 8.5 (av. 7.4) mostly indicating neutral and slightly acidic to alkaline water in some locations. EC and TDS vary from 30 to 860 µS/cm (av. 470.6 µS/cm) and 31-962 mg/L (av. 379.8 mg/L), respectively, an indication of low mineralized water with limited migration history. Major cations concentrations were in the order of Na + > Ca 2+ > Mg 2+ > K + with average values of 49.91, 37.69, 14.12 and 12.92 mg/L, respectively, while that of the major anions were HCO 3 − > Cl − > SO 4 2− > NO 3 − with av. values of 87.03, 41.59, 22.99 and 17.44 mg/L, respectively. The Water Quality Index (WQI) estimate showed that 56.9% of the samples fell in excellent (WQI = 0-25), 35.4% in good (26-50) and 7.7% in poor (51-70) water class. Evaluations based on sodium percentage (%Na) indicated that the water fell mostly within 'good' and 'permissible' categories, and Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) suggested mostly 'medium' category. Hydrochemical characterization revealed three dominant water types, which were Ca 2+ -(Mg 2+ )-HCO 3 − , Ca 2+ -(Mg 2+ )-Cl − -SO 4 2− and Na + -(K + )-Cl − -SO 4 2− and are generally controlled by precipitation, weathering and dissolution of bedrocks. Conclusively, the groundwater in the study area is of potable quality and generally suitable for irrigation purposes due to low to moderate mineralisation and little influence of anthropogenic contamination.

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Section: Irrigation Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characterization of groundwater in Lokoja, North-Central Nigeria

Ayuba

Tijani

2021

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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“…Studies conducted in other rural water supply systems in Ghana reported lower pH levels. At Obuasi in the neighbouring Ashanti Region which is located 81 km from Assin Fosu, Ewusi [30] reported average pH levels of 5.01-5.33 while Rossiter [31], in a nationwide survey, reported pH levels as low as 3.69 in some boreholes in Ghana though the overall average was 6.32. Similarly, a mean pH of 6.34 has been measured in ten districts/ municipalities/ metropolitan areas (including Assin Fosu) in the Central Region [32].…”

Section: Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Safety Planning and Implementation in a Ghanaian Small-scale Water Supply System

Obeng

Awere

2020

IJECC

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This study looked at the Assin Fosu Small Town Water Supply System in Ghana to verify whether the operation of the scheme is based on a comprehensive water safety plan and how the practice of water safety planning affects the quality of water delivered to the consumers. The study employed document reviews, structured observations, interviews and laboratory analysis of water samples. System design data files and an Operation and Management Contract document were reviewed along with in-depth interviews with key stakeholders of the water supply system. Structured observations were made to assess the management practices of the system managers. Three rounds of sampling of water were done at monthly intervals from 10 randomly selected public standpipes, 3 boreholes and 2 filtration units. Samples were analysed to assess their bacteriological safety and aesthetic (physical) quality (turbidity and colour). Upon detection of bacteriological contamination, the adequacy of disinfection was assessed by measuring the levels of residual chlorine. It was found that the recommended schedule for some key documented water quality control and monitoring activities were not complied with. Consequently, the quality of water delivered to consumers at several public standpipes failed to meet the WHO guidelines for drinking water. Forty percent (40%) of all samples were found with faecal contamination, with 60% and 50% exceeding the WHO’s guideline levels for turbidity and colour respectively. It is recommended that the Community Water and Sanitation Agency in Ghana intensifies on-going efforts at ensuring that small-scale water supply systems in the country are managed with comprehensive water safety plans to prevent microbial contamination which could pose significant health risks to the consumers.

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“…In the present study all the ground water samples fall within the excellent category which can be used for irrigation based on the SAR classification (Table 2). Sodium is replaced the calcium and magnesium is a hazard as it causes damage to the to the soil structure and becomes compact and impervious [11].…”

Section: Sodium Adsorption Ratio (Sar)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation on the Bank of Noyyal River at Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu, India

Hussain

Sheriff

2015

ILCPA

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Tiruppur is a textile city located on the banks of Noyyal River a tributary of the River Cauvery. Twenty groundwater samples were collected in identical locations from bore wells. The concentrations of physicochemical parameters of pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Hardness (TH), Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, SO4, Cl and NO3 were analyzed. The results of the concentrations were interpreted and measured with different irrigation indexes like Percent Sodium (%Na), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Permeability Index (PI), Kelly’s Ratio (KR), CAI-1 and CAI-2 were analyzed.

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Groundwater Quality Assessment for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes in Obuasi Municipality of Ghana, A Preliminary Study

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Hydrochemical characterization of groundwater in Lokoja, North-Central Nigeria

Hydrochemical characterization of groundwater in Lokoja, North-Central Nigeria

Water Safety Planning and Implementation in a Ghanaian Small-scale Water Supply System

Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation on the Bank of Noyyal River at Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu, India

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