Groundwater potential and quality assessments of a coastal environment: a case study of the location of Federal University of Technology Ikot Abasi (FUTIA), Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

George, N. J.; Thomas, Jewel E.

doi:10.1007/s11852-023-00956-w

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The sites of investigation have generally low gradient with unremarkably different elevation characterized by topographically flat surface (Ekanem et al, 2022b). This prominent characteristic gives support to storage of water, which leads to longer duration of water percolation than areas of larger gradients (George et al, 2023). The identified lithological disparity in Table 4 confirms that the study aquifer consists of alluvial deposits that are majorly fine to gravelly sands.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The aquifer and soil media, as well as impact of vadose zone estimated primarily from lithology were simply estimated from the VES results and they were mostly sandy and sandy clay (George and Thomas, 2023). Also, topography that determines the gradient of the surface was estimated from the elevation of the mapped location and the surface was found to be generally flat with small slope indicating good groundwater potential (George et al, 2023). The hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer estimated generally showcased that the aquifers considered were all sandy with good transmission of groundwater between the aquifer system and the overlying layers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Practically, the characteristics of geology and hydrogeology lead to the categorization of lithologies into essentially four groups of vulnerability, which are low, moderate, high and extreme. The categorization is based on the values of model indices realized with the aid of physical layer parameters (George, 2020b;George et al, 2023). Index-based models assess groundwater hazards and contaminations using indices obtained from electro-sequence of aquifer's peripheral sedimentary beds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electro-sequence valorization of specific enablers of Aquifer vulnerability and contamination: a case of index-based model approach for ascertaining the threats to quality groundwater in sedimentary beds

George,

Ekanem,

Thomas

et al. 2023

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Evidently, sedimentary basins have a large potential for groundwater. However, the main issue has been the aquifer system's susceptibility to contamination coming from both anthropogenic and natural sources. This research was designed with the intention of valorizing the unique enablers of aquifer vulnerability and the ensuing pollution of economical and accessible aquifers using an index-based technique. On the basis of this obsession, this research was carried out to appraise the quality of the groundwater depository systems in the mapped area, which was chosen to be near a newly established university. The study used geo-electrical technology to evaluate the lithological sequence of the hydrogeological units and their first and second-order geo-electric properties, as well as the significant geochemical constituents of groundwater. The outcomes of using vertical electrical soundings with geo-electrical technology showed that the hydrogeological units are composed of sequences of sands prograding from finer to medium and medium to gravelly sands, minimally laced within sandy clay, according to the results of geo-electrical technology using vertical electrical soundings (VES). Layers 2 and 3 were accessible by the twenty VES (V1-V20), which gained access to designated economic and prospective aquifer systems. The ranges of resistivities for layers 1 to 4 gave 21.0 - 2872.3 (mean: 729.1 ), 26.3 – 3576.5 (mean: 746.3 ), 58.0-3588.8 (mean: 840.5 ) and 30.6 -921.7 (mean: 281.7 ) correspondingly. In respective order, layers 1 to 3 with defined depths and thicknesses ranged from 0.8 -40.0 m (7.5 m), 0.8 -83.6 m (69.1 m) and 55.0 -245.4 m (106.4 m) and 0.8 -40.0 m (7.5 m), 2.9 – 40.0 (61.7 m) and 26.7 -212.1 m (80.0 m). The aquifer systems considered have resistivity values ranging from 26.3 -3576.5 and mean value of 832.97 The five vulnerability models deployed showed very high spatial variability and moderate negative and positive correlations construed to be due to subjectivity in the weight-rate assignment. The coefficients of variation (CV) from sensitivity analysis (SA) indicated a relatively elevated contribution to the variation of the vulnerability index due to topography (9.7%) and the impact of the vadose zone (4.3%), which are marginally higher than the 1.6% displayed by other parameters. The groundwater displayed WHO’s disallowed concentrations of heavy ions, and the SA indicated that CV for the groundwater geochemical contamination is highest in cadmium ions (140.9%) followed by manganese ions (132%) and copper ions (88. 2%) across the wells. The moderate contribution distributions across the wells are nickel ions (48.8 %), lead ions (41.6%), chromium ions (39.8%) and iron ions (35.0%). All the realized geophysical and geochemical indices affirm that the groundwater is vulnerable and contaminated, and therefore, proper monitoring and management of resources is required.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electro-sequence valorization of specific enablers of Aquifer vulnerability and contamination: a case of index-based model approach for ascertaining the threats to quality groundwater in sedimentary beds

George,

Ekanem,

Thomas

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The DO with a range of 2.9-4.9 mg/l and a mean of 3.9 mg/l CV (14.1%) posits that DO is not comparably variable across the two MSW sites. As opined by Thomas et al (2020) and George et al (2023), with the mean BOD < 5 mg/l and the most elevated value not greater than 5 mg/l, the MSW sites are more anoxic (condition of deficient oxygen) than oxic (condition of sufficient oxygen) (DO > 5 mg/L) (Thomas et al, 2020). Generically, the mean value of DO inferred in the two sites, as posited by Wang et al (2009), implies that the dissolved oxygen is depleted even up to the control boreholes in the Eket and Uyo sites (BCE: 4.9 mg/l and BCU: 4.7 mg/l), respectively (Wang et al, 2009).…”

Section: Physiochemical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Integrated valorization of MSW incursion into water resources: a tool for environmental monitoring and assessment near dumpsite areas, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Inyang,

George,

Ehibor

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Sites set aside for the dumping of municipal solid waste (MSW) are not used for any other purposes other than the dumping of refuse. Aside from the stench released from the dumpsites, which pollutes the air, the major issue is the dispersion of leachate from the MSW sites into the groundwater aquifers within the dumpsites and the contiguous groundwater resources. This research aims at using an integrated technique to valorize the effect of leachate from MSW sites in Uyo and Eket on the groundwater resources. Geo-electrical technology involving vertical electrical techniques and constant electrode separations were used to acquire 1D and 2D resistivity data. The interpreted resistivity results constrained by ground-truthing data were combined with hydro-physiochemical analysis to valorize the effect of MSW sites on groundwater. The VES curve types in the survey area are primarily K (57.1%), HK (21.3%), Q (14.3%) and H (7.3%), which exhibit the intercalations of various lithological suites. The inferred image maps at MSW sites showed a dispersion of leachate, which appears to follow the inverse square law between the source and the sink. The BOD-COD ratio revealed that the waste is partially biodegradable. The analyses of hydro-geochemistry of surface and groundwater in the area showed a sequence of average abundance of cations of light metals in the order:; heavy metals as:. The anionic average relative abundance takes the following order:. The use of surface water and groundwater resources for irrigation in the MSW sites has been found to be dependent on the sodium adsorption ratio and total hardness required by the crops. With the results of this study, the valorization of the ingress of leachate into groundwater resources near the MSW sites should be assessed annually to ameliorate the unfortunate environmental hazards.

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“…Access to potable and sustainable water supply is a fundamental prerequisite for the survival of humans, animals and plants (George and Thomas, 2023). It is still a core necessity for the development of thriving communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoelectric analysis for groundwater potential assessment and aquifer protection in a part of Shango, Northcentral Nigeria

Ejepu,

Jimoh,

Abdullahi

et al. 2023

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Groundwater plays a crucial role in sustainable development. This study focuses on the challenges of potable water supply faced by the inhabitants of Shango area, northcentral Nigeria. The objective of this research is to identify suitable sites for new wells and boreholes by leveraging the geological and geoelectrical attributes of existing productive boreholes and hand-dug wells in the area. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was employed to assess the groundwater potential, aquifer protective capacity and the corrosivity of the overburden units. The VES results revealed five subsurface geoelectric units, each exhibiting distinct characteristics contributing to the lithological variability of the research area. Hydraulic conductivity ranged from 0.465 to 0.534 m/day, while transmissivity varied from 9.589 m²/day to 26.029 m²/day across different VES points. Zones with thick layers and low resistivity values were indicative of high longitudinal conductivity. Regions with low protective capacity were found to be vulnerable to pollution and contamination from leaks, and waste sites. Conversely, regions with high protective capacity and sealing make groundwater pollution in such areas very difficult. Except for one VES point with low groundwater potential and limited withdrawal capacity for local water supply, the aquifers in the study area generally have intermediate designations. The study revealed that all VES points are in practically non-corrosive zones, making them suitable for burying underground tanks without extremely low deterioration rates. Based on geoelectrical characteristics, the study area was divided into three groundwater potential zones: low, medium, and high. These findings provide valuable insights into the groundwater potential and protective capacity of the Shango area, aiding in the sustainable management of water resources.

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Groundwater potential and quality assessments of a coastal environment: a case study of the location of Federal University of Technology Ikot Abasi (FUTIA), Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 66 publications

Electro-sequence valorization of specific enablers of Aquifer vulnerability and contamination: a case of index-based model approach for ascertaining the threats to quality groundwater in sedimentary beds

Electro-sequence valorization of specific enablers of Aquifer vulnerability and contamination: a case of index-based model approach for ascertaining the threats to quality groundwater in sedimentary beds

Integrated valorization of MSW incursion into water resources: a tool for environmental monitoring and assessment near dumpsite areas, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Geoelectric analysis for groundwater potential assessment and aquifer protection in a part of Shango, Northcentral Nigeria

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