Groundwater in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of India: A Review on the Quality, Management and Challenges

Ahamad, Faheem; Tyagi, Sandeep Kumar; Singh, Mahavir; Sharma, Arun Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-43348-1_2

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 190 publications

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“…Hot arid regions falling states are Rajasthan (61 %), Gujrat (19.6 %), Haryana and Panjab (9 %), Andra Pradesh (7 %), Karnataka (3 %) and Maharashtra (0.4 %). This rainfed agriculture production system accounts for 40 % of the food grains and sustains 2/3 rd of the livestock population [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Groundwater is essential for drinking, irrigation, and domestic and industrial use in these hot-arid areas. As Groundwater in this area is limited, quantity and quality are a severe concern in these areas [5]. Additionally, excessive groundwater extraction and insufficient recharge processes contribute to the depletion of water resources within aquifers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demarcation of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones Through REMOTE Sensing, GIS, and MCDA: A Case Study of the Aji River Basin in Saurashtra, Gujarat, India

Ghritesh,

Vekariya,

Patel

et al. 2024

Int. J.Environ. Clim. Change.

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Groundwater is an important and valuable natural resource. Due to extensive agricultural practices and industrial developments, groundwater resources have recently been overexploited and depleted. Therefore, there is a need to adopt sustainable water resource management practices to augment groundwater recharge. This study uses advanced geospatial technologies to identify potential groundwater recharge zones in the Aji River Basin in the Saurashtra region of Gujarat, India. The primary objective was to enhance potential groundwater recharge zones in the Aji River basin region. Therefore, various parameters affecting groundwater availability, including lineament, geology, soil, density, slope, rainfall, land use/land cover, geomorphology, and drainage density, were considered for delineating potential groundwater recharge zones. The integrated approach, using remote sensing (RS), geographical information system (GIS), and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), was employed to achieve this. The influence factor was determined through Satty`s analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. The sub-parameters were ranked according to the AHP scale, and a weighted overlay analysis tool in ArcGIS software was utilized to map the potential groundwater recharge zones in the basin. The concluding map was categorized into five distinct zones based on potential groundwater recharge zones: ‘Excellent’ (50.50 km2, 2.36 %), ‘Good’ (1376.78 km2, 64.56 %), ‘Moderate’ (599.14 km2, 28.09 %), ‘Poor’ (90.67 km2, 4.25 %), and ‘Very Poor’ (15.32 km2,0.718 %). The SCS-Curve number method was employed to assess the potential for rainfall-induced runoff. The Aji River basin exhibited a weighted mean rainfall and runoff of 622.68 mm and 241.07 mm, respectively. The estimated weighted runoff for the Aji River basin was 514.07 million cubic meters (MCM), with a 75 % exceedance probability, resulting in a runoff of 152.97 MCM. This study concludes that integrating remote sensing, GIS, and MCDA techniques effectively identifies and delineates potential groundwater recharge zones, which is crucial for sustainable water resource management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demarcation of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones Through REMOTE Sensing, GIS, and MCDA: A Case Study of the Aji River Basin in Saurashtra, Gujarat, India

Ghritesh,

Vekariya,

Patel

et al. 2024

Int. J.Environ. Clim. Change.

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“…Water is a crucial natural resource for human survival, constituting around 70% of human body weight and 97% of plants. The presence of water on Earth makes human life possible (Adimalla and Venkatayogi 2018;Suvarna et al, 2018;Ahamad et al, 2023a). Although approximately 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with water, 97% of it is saline, rendering it unusable, especially in impoverished nations like India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Domestic and Industrial Effluent Disposal on Physicochemical Characteristics of River Malin at Najibabad City, India

Ameta,

Mohsin Kamaal,

Ahamad

2023

AgroEnviron. Sustain.

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The current study aimed to assess the health of the Malin River situated in Najibabad city, India by analyzing several physicochemical parameters. The main objective was to evaluate the impact of industrial and domestic wastewater on the river's health. The study was conducted over six months, from January to June 2023, at four different locations along the river. To calculate the water quality index (WQI), the data was further processed, and Pearson correlation was utilized. Except for site 1, most of the analyzed physicochemical parameters exceeded the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) limit, as indicated by the results. The utilization of river Malin water for irrigation, laundry, and vegetable cleaning may pose a health hazard to the public due to high contamination levels at the points where industrial (site 2) and domestic (site 3) effluents continuously mix with the river water. The water quality at all locations is deemed unsuitable for consumption due to a WQI score greater than 100. There are strong positive correlations between total dissolved solids (TDS) and other studied parameters, except for dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and turbidity. This suggests the presence of inorganic pollutants concerning organic pollutants. Wastewater treatment facilities are necessary along river coasts to conserve river flora and fauna, as well as water quality, to safeguard human and river health.

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Assessing the impacts of climate and land cover change on groundwater recharge in a semi-arid region of Southern India

Chandra,

Sahoo

2024

Theor Appl Climatol

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Groundwater in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of India: A Review on the Quality, Management and Challenges

Cited by 10 publications

References 190 publications

Demarcation of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones Through REMOTE Sensing, GIS, and MCDA: A Case Study of the Aji River Basin in Saurashtra, Gujarat, India

Demarcation of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones Through REMOTE Sensing, GIS, and MCDA: A Case Study of the Aji River Basin in Saurashtra, Gujarat, India

Impact of Domestic and Industrial Effluent Disposal on Physicochemical Characteristics of River Malin at Najibabad City, India

Assessing the impacts of climate and land cover change on groundwater recharge in a semi-arid region of Southern India

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