Groundwater Environment in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Archives of Mining Sciences

“…10), and from that, the depth of the aquifer can be determined and is the basis for the MAR project here. The drilling exploration was carried out for the following: a) confirm the lithostratigraphy and the hydrogeological asset; b) carry out aquifer pumping tests for aquifer hydraulic characteristics determination; c) collect water samples for both chemical, bacteriological and isotopes analyses; d) monitor groundwater levels; e) determine groundwater flow direction and velocity through tracer tests (Rhodamine) [29]. A total of 600 m of drilling were carried out in the research area, including exploratory, observation and exploitation wells.…”

“…Due to the elevated content of contaminants (coli bacteria) in the BauNoi groundwater, an aquifer recharge through bank filtration technique was envisaged. Based on the results of the pumping, the hydrogeological parameters were determined using Thiem-Dupuit, cooper-Jacob (drawdown-time and drawdown-distance), and Recovery Theis-Jacob methods [27,29] (Tab. 2).…”

“…information from monitoring is also used to evaluate the effectiveness of MAR and to estimate the volume of water to be recharged and recovered or to ensure adequate residence time of recharged water in the aquifer for necessary water quality improvements, such as inactivation of pathogenic viruses and bacteria before use of water for drinking supplies [20]. groundwater monitoring was conducted by automatic transducers/data loggers for electrical conductivity, temperature and water level (cTD divers) in wells and surface water in BauNoi [29]. The plots of the groundwater level and electrical conductivity of the groundwater versus the time of these wells and BauNoi are shown in Fig.…”

“…These numbers are considered the minimum amounts of groundwater potential and safe reserves. The unsteady-state model shows that, in the rainy season, the groundwater potential reserves and the safety reserves are 470,000 m 3 /day and 201,000 m 3 /day, respectively [29]. These numbers are considered as maximum amounts of groundwater potential and safety reserves.…”

Adapted Subsurface Water Solutions Across Continents

“…Conditions for which ASR solutions in general and accordingly SWS seem very well suited at a first glance. Additionally, rapid urbanization and population growth since the 1980's causes decreasing groundwater levels and hence induced subsidence, of which the latter even increases the risks of urban flooding during the rainy season, one of the most recognized urban water management issues in HCMC (Dan et al, 2006;Le Vo, 2007b). Decreasing groundwater levels have caused saltwater intrusion in various areas in HCMC (Ngo et al, 2015), which forces the HCMC's water supply company Saigon Water Cooperation (SAWACO) to shut down some wells.…”