Groundwater Contamination by Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Impurities Present in Soil Fumigant Formulations

Zebarth, Bernie J.; Szeto, Sunny Y.; Hii, B.; Liebscher, Hugh; Grove, Gary G.

doi:10.2166/wqrj.1998.003

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…It is produced in large quantities as a by‐product during manufacture of epichlorohydrin (Bosma et al ., 2002; World Health Organization, 2003). Historically, it has been present as an impurity in soil fumigants and nematocides (Zebarth et al ., 1998). A variety of animal studies indicate that 1,2,3‐TCP is toxic and likely carcinogenic (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1992; World Health Organization, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of novel bacteria within the Chloroflexi capable of reductive dechlorination of 1,2,3‐trichloropropane

Yan¹,

Rash

Rainey

et al. 2009

Environmental Microbiology

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Two strictly anaerobic bacterial strains were isolated from contaminated groundwater at a Superfund site located near Baton Rouge, LA, USA. These strains represent the first isolates reported to reductively dehalogenate 1,2,3-trichloropropane. Allyl chloride (3-chloro-1-propene), which is chemically unstable, was produced from 1,2,3-trichloropropane, and it was hydrolysed abiotically to allyl alcohol and also reacted with the sulfide- and cysteine-reducing agents in the medium to form various allyl sulfides. Both isolates also dehalogenated a variety of other vicinally chlorinated alkanes (1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2- tetrachloroethane) via dichloroelimination reactions. A quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) approach targeting 16S rRNA genes indicated that both strains couple reductive dechlorination to cell growth. Growth was not observed in the absence of hydrogen (H2) as an electron donor and a polychlorinated alkane as an electron acceptor. Alkanes containing only a single chlorine substituent (1-chloropropane, 2-chloropropane), chlorinated alkenes (tetrachlorothene, trichlorothene, cisdichloroethene, trans-dichloroethene, vinyl chloride) and chlorinated benzenes (1-chlorobenzene and 1,2- dichlorobenzene) were not dechlorinated. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data showed these isolates to represent a new lineage within the Chloroflexi. Their closest previously cultured relatives are 'Dehalococcoides' strains, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of only 90%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of novel bacteria within the Chloroflexi capable of reductive dechlorination of 1,2,3‐trichloropropane

Yan¹,

Rash

Rainey

et al. 2009

Environmental Microbiology

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“…The use of fumigants containing TCP impurities has resulted in local ground water contamination (Oki & Giambelluca, 1987;Tesoriero et al, 2001;WHO, 2003c;Zebarth, 1998). When the fumigants are injected into soil, TCP is injected inadvertently.…”

Section: 23-trichloropropane (Tcp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticides

Rosenfeld¹,

Feng²

2011

Risks of Hazardous Wastes

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“…The following weight percent values were determined for formulations of Telone I (from the 1960s) and Telone II (1990s), respectively: DCP, 15.6, 0.06; 1,2,2-TCP, 0.32, 0.19; 1,2,3-TCP, 0.17, ,0.1 (24). Telone I and II are used as examples to demonstrate the trend in chlorinated propane concentrations in fumigants.…”

Section: Table 1 Frequency Of 12-dichloropropane (Dcp) Detections As ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate and Origin of 1,2-Dichloropropane in an Unconfined Shallow Aquifer

Tesoriero

Löffler

Liebscher

2000

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A shallow aquifer with different redox zones overlain by intensive agricultural activity was monitored for the occurrence of 1,2-dichloropropane (DCP) to assess the fate and origin of this pollutant. DCP was detected more frequently in groundwater samples collected in aerobic and nitrate-reducing zones than those collected from iron-reducing zones. Simulated DCP concentrations for groundwater entering an iron-reducing zone were calculated from a fate and transport model that included dispersion, sorption, and hydrolysis but not degradation. Simulated concentrations were well in excess of measured values, suggesting that microbial degradation occurred in the iron-reducing zone. Microcosm experiments were conducted using aquifer samples collected from iron-reducing and aerobic zones to evaluate the potential for microbial degradation of DCP and to explain field observations. Hydrogenolysis of DCP and production of monochlorinated propanes in microcosm experiments occurred only with aquifer materials collected from the iron-reducing zone, and no dechlorination was observed in microcosms established with aquifer materials collected from the aerobic zones. Careful analyses of the DCP/1,2,2-trichloropropane ratios in groundwater indicated that older fumigant formulations were responsible for the high levels of DCP present in this aquifer.

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Groundwater Contamination by Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Impurities Present in Soil Fumigant Formulations

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Isolation of novel bacteria within the Chloroflexi capable of reductive dechlorination of 1,2,3‐trichloropropane

Isolation of novel bacteria within the Chloroflexi capable of reductive dechlorination of 1,2,3‐trichloropropane

Pesticides

Fate and Origin of 1,2-Dichloropropane in an Unconfined Shallow Aquifer

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