“…A boxplot of arsenic distribution in the sedimentary units derived by Kazmierczak et al (2022) was produced. Median, 25th percentile, 75th percentile, minimum and maximum arsenic concentrations were calculated for four sedimentary units: (1) Holocene channel belt deposits with a burial age < 1.7 ka, (2) Holocene channel belt deposits with a burial age > 2.9 ka, (3) Pleistocene aquifer separated from Holocene aquifer by a thick (>10 m) clay layer, and (4) Pleistocene aquifer in the areas with hydraulic windows.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Fig. 3 Geological model of the Red River floodplain based on Kazmierczak et al (2022) . Geological cross-sections are shown in Fig.…”
Section: Study Areamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4 Hydrogeological cross-sections with modeled flow patterns and measured arsenic concentrations in the nearest wells. Geological model of the Red River floodplain developed based on Kazmierczak et al (2022) . (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)…”
Section: Study Areamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Underlying Pleistocene aquifers are recharged by low arsenic groundwater of a regional flow system ( Michael and Voss, 2009 ). However, arsenic levels in Pleistocene aquifers below thick clay layers in the Red River delta are high ( Kazmierczak et al, 2022 ), and the related processes have not been previously investigated.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate and understand how the distribution of arsenic in Quaternary aquifer systems is related to the joint influence of sedimentary structure and hydrogeological processes, and (2) to investigate hydrogeological processes leading to the occurrence of high arsenic concentrations in the Pleistocene aquifer in the absence of pumping. For this purpose, a detailed model of the sedimentary architecture of the proximal part of the Red River delta ( Kazmierczak et al, 2022 ) was developed into a three-dimensional flow model.…”
“…A boxplot of arsenic distribution in the sedimentary units derived by Kazmierczak et al (2022) was produced. Median, 25th percentile, 75th percentile, minimum and maximum arsenic concentrations were calculated for four sedimentary units: (1) Holocene channel belt deposits with a burial age < 1.7 ka, (2) Holocene channel belt deposits with a burial age > 2.9 ka, (3) Pleistocene aquifer separated from Holocene aquifer by a thick (>10 m) clay layer, and (4) Pleistocene aquifer in the areas with hydraulic windows.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Fig. 3 Geological model of the Red River floodplain based on Kazmierczak et al (2022) . Geological cross-sections are shown in Fig.…”
Section: Study Areamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4 Hydrogeological cross-sections with modeled flow patterns and measured arsenic concentrations in the nearest wells. Geological model of the Red River floodplain developed based on Kazmierczak et al (2022) . (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)…”
Section: Study Areamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Underlying Pleistocene aquifers are recharged by low arsenic groundwater of a regional flow system ( Michael and Voss, 2009 ). However, arsenic levels in Pleistocene aquifers below thick clay layers in the Red River delta are high ( Kazmierczak et al, 2022 ), and the related processes have not been previously investigated.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate and understand how the distribution of arsenic in Quaternary aquifer systems is related to the joint influence of sedimentary structure and hydrogeological processes, and (2) to investigate hydrogeological processes leading to the occurrence of high arsenic concentrations in the Pleistocene aquifer in the absence of pumping. For this purpose, a detailed model of the sedimentary architecture of the proximal part of the Red River delta ( Kazmierczak et al, 2022 ) was developed into a three-dimensional flow model.…”
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