Groundwater Arsenic Contamination, Its Health Effects and Approach for Mitigation in West Bengal, India and Bangladesh

Das, Bhaskar; Rahman, Mohammad Mahmudur; Nayak, Bishwajit; Pal, Aritra; Chowdhury, Uttam Kumar; Mukherjee, Subhas; Saha, Kashinath; Pati, Shyamapada; Quamruzzaman, Quazi; Chakraborti, Dipankar

doi:10.1007/s12403-008-0002-3

Cited by 71 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The surfaces of ICS, IMCS, and MCS are positively charged below pH pzc 25 (Table 2). From the simulation of the aqueous speciation of phosphate by MINEQL+ software, phosphate is mostly present as a neutral species (H 3 PO 4 , pK a1 = 2.1) at low pH (2.1 ± 0.5), while it is present as negative ions such as H 2 PO 4 − and HPO 4 2− (pK a2 = 7.2 and pK a3 = 12.3, respectively) between pH 3 and 10. Phosphate is essentially fully deprotonated (PO 4 3− ) above pH 12.3.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the presence of PO 4 3− , about a 50% reduction in arsenic removal was observed. Because PO 4 3− and AsO 4 3− have similar chemical structures, these two species might be in strong competition to occupy the finite number of adsorption sites on IMCS(7:3). A similar inhibition effect was reported for arsenic adsorption onto iron hydroxides.…”

Section: Removal Of As(iii) By Ics Mcs and Imcs In A Batchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of Arsenic and Phosphate from Aqueous Solution by Metal (Hydr-)oxide Coated Sand

Huang

Yang

Keller

2014

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Arsenic contamination is a major concern in many drinking water supplies around the world. One low-cost approach for removing arsenic and other oxyanions such as phosphate is to use metal (hydro-)oxide coated sands. In this study, solution pH, sand grain size, coating efficiency, and mineral type for iron-coated sand (ICS), manganese-coated sand (MCS), and iron-and manganese-coated sand (IMCS) were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were used to investigate the surface properties of the coated layer. The mineral type of ICS prepared at different solution pH was identified as a mixture of FeOOH and Fe 2 O 3 . The mineral type of MCS prepared at pH 4 and 7 was identified as MnO 2 and changed to ramsdellite (γ-MnO 2 , a mixture of α-MnO 2 and β-MnO 2 ) at pH 10. ICS exhibited a greater phosphate removal capacity, and phosphate removal increased with increasing iron oxide on the sand. ICS was also shown to have a greater removal capacity for phosphate than chemical precipitation methods by FeCl 3 , especially below neutral pH. In contrast, IMCS(Fe:Mn = 7:3) was better for removing As(III), which occurs through oxidation to As(V) and adsorption of As(III) and As(V) and can reach >98% removal rate (residual concentration <0.02 mg/L) at neutral pH. IMCS(7:3) is an efficient adsorbent for arsenic, as >50% can be removed within 60 min; 66% adsorption was reached after 24 h. Removal of arsenic and phosphate by these metal (hydro-)oxide coated sand adsorbents followed a pseudo-second-order rate and Langmuir as well as Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Removal under different conditions (e.g., pH, ionic strength) was also evaluated to provide information to optimize the process.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Removal Of As(iii) By Ics Mcs and Imcs In A Batchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Arsenic and Phosphate from Aqueous Solution by Metal (Hydr-)oxide Coated Sand

Huang

Yang

Keller

2014

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Therefore, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) lowered the maximum concentration level of arsenic in water systems from 50 to 10 µg/L. In addition, As(III) is more toxic and difficult to treat than As(V) species.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of As(III) from Aqueous Solutions by Novel Fe–Mg Type Hydrotalcite

Ogata

Kawasaki

2015

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Morphological and chemical evaluation of Fe-Mg hydrotalcite (Fe-HT) was performed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and electron microanalysis for application as an adsorbent for water treatment. The adsorption of arsenic III (As(III)) on Fe-HT was evaluated via examination of the effect of the contact time and analysis of the adsorption isotherm. The amount of As(III) adsorbed increased slightly with increasing temperature. The results of the adsorption isotherm studies suggested that As(III) adsorption can be well described by both the Freundlich and Langmuir equations. The adsorption of As(III) on Fe-HT reached equilibrium within 24 h, and the adsorption kinetic data fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model better than the pseudo-first-order model. The amount of As(III) present on the surface of Fe-HT increased after As(III) adsorption, and the crystalline structure of Fe-HT was maintained after adsorption of As(III). The (003) and (006) peaks in the X-ray diffraction patterns were attributed to basal reflections, and these peaks shifted from respective 2θ values of 10.86 and 21.94° to 11.12 and 22.52°, indicating exchange of As(III) with chloride ions in Fe-HT with consequent narrowing of the inter-layer spacing. Collectively, these results suggest that Fe-HT is prospectively useful for the adsorption of As(III) from aqueous solutions. Key words Fe-Mg hydrotalcite; arsenic(III); adsorptionHeavy metals are potentially hazardous to human health and aquatic flora and fauna at concentrations exceeding the allowable limits. At concentrations below these limits, long-term heavy metal contamination is still possible because heavy metals are known to accumulate within biological systems. 1)Arsenic (As) is one of the most toxic metal ions and poses a serious health risk in many countries of the world, being associated with increased risk of skin, lung, and kidney cancer.2,3) The presence of As in groundwater in different parts of the world has recently been extensively reported, including countries in North America and Latin America, Australia, and South Asia. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Therefore, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) lowered the maximum concentration level of arsenic in water systems from 50 to 10 µg/L. In addition, As(III) is more toxic and difficult to treat than As(V) species. As(III) and As(V) are highly toxic agents that exert mutagenic effects on living organisms.11-13) Compliance with this strict As standard in drinking water requires the development of inexpensive and effective technologies for better removal of As.Among these methods, the adsorption technique is gaining popularity due to its simplicity, potential for regeneration, and sludge-free operation.14) Furthermore, the potential of adsorption as an attractive technology can be further enhanced if the adsorbent can be made cheaply and ready for use. Many kinds of adsorbents such as modified red mud, aluminum compounds, and synthetic goethite have been developed for the removal arsenic. [15][16][17][18] ...

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“…But whatever be the approach, for success at field level, awareness among the people and their wholehearted participation is need (Das et al, 2009). …”

Section: Stretch Of Arsenic Pollution In West Bengalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even now, many who are drinking arsenic-contaminated water are not even aware of this fact and its consequences (Das et al, 2009). Researchers at the School of Environmental Studies (SOES), Jadavpur University, India, have observed from their last 18 years' field experience in West Bengal, arsenic-affected people have also been facing serious social problems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in West Bengal: Current Scenario, Effects and Probable Ways of Mitigation

Dey

Banerjee

Bakshi

et al. 2014

ILNS

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During the past two decades, Arsenic (As) contamination via groundwater has become a serious issue worldwide and is now a major concern in the Indo-Bangladesh Gangetic delta. Arsenic enters human body through contaminated groundwater consumed as drinking water. Food safety in this region is also facing severe consequences as bio-accumulation of Arsenic is occurring in food crops irrigated with As-contaminated water. Chronic exposure to Arsenic can cause not only cancerous and non-cancer health effects. Reports suggest that about 20 % population in West Bengal is highly affected. Various techniques are being introduced to provide arsenic-free drinking water at an affordable cost. But a rigorous change in habit and mind set for procuring safe drinking water in those surviving in As-contaminated zones is the most essential step towards curbing the fatal consequences of As exposure. Harvesting rain water and utilization of proper purification techniques can be considered a possible alternative of safe drinking water.

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Groundwater Arsenic Contamination, Its Health Effects and Approach for Mitigation in West Bengal, India and Bangladesh

Cited by 71 publications

References 78 publications

Removal of Arsenic and Phosphate from Aqueous Solution by Metal (Hydr-)oxide Coated Sand

Removal of Arsenic and Phosphate from Aqueous Solution by Metal (Hydr-)oxide Coated Sand

Adsorption of As(III) from Aqueous Solutions by Novel Fe–Mg Type Hydrotalcite

Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in West Bengal: Current Scenario, Effects and Probable Ways of Mitigation

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