Ground Water Pollution With Chromium in Leon Valley, Mexico

Armienta, M. A.; Rodríguez, Ramiro; Quere, A. M. Le; Juarez, F.; Ceniceros, N.; Aguayo, A.

doi:10.1080/03067319308044422

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The extensive distribution of this pollutant is due primarily to its use in numerous industrial processes such as metal plating and alloying, leather tanning, and wood treatment. Additionally, ultramafic rocks such as serpentinite are often enriched in chromium and can lead to locally elevated levels in adjacent soils and waters ( − ). In the United States chromium is the third most common pollutant at hazardous waste sites and is the second most common inorganic contaminant, after lead ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Promoted Reduction of Chromate by Dissimilatory Iron-Reducing Bacteria

Wielinga

Mizuba

Hansel

et al. 2000

Environ. Sci. Technol.

271

143

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Chromate is a priority pollutant within the U.S. and many other countries, the hazard of which can be mitigated by reduction to the trivalent form of chromium. Here we elucidate the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) via a closely coupled, biotic-abiotic reductive pathway under iron-reducing conditions. Injection of chromate into stirred-flow reactors containing Shewanella alga strain BrY and iron (hydr)oxides of varying stabilities results in complete reduction to Cr(III). The maximum sustainable Cr(VI) reduction rate was 5.5 micrograms CrVI.mg-cell-1.h-1 within ferric (hydr)oxide suspensions (surface area 10 m2). In iron limited systems (having HEPES as a buffer), iron was cycled suggesting it acts in a catalytic-type manner for the bacterial reduction of Cr(VI). BrY also reduced Cr(VI) directly; however, the rate of direct (enzymatic) reduction is considerably slower than by Fe(II)(aq) and is inhibited within 20 h due to chromate toxicity. Thus, dissimilatory iron reduction may provide a primary pathway for the sequestration and detoxification of chromate in anaerobic soils and water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Promoted Reduction of Chromate by Dissimilatory Iron-Reducing Bacteria

Wielinga

Mizuba

Hansel

et al. 2000

Environ. Sci. Technol.

271

143

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“…This well (no. 37, Figure 1) is located near (about 300 m) the main point pollution source in that area, a disposal site of solid alumina residues containing an average of 6.12% (by weight) of hexavalent chromium and located in the factory yards (7).…”

Section: Water Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Mexico the presence of chromium in the groundwaters used as a potable source for the city of Leon (one of the main urban and industrial centers of the country) was detected in 1975. As a result of a study carried out in Leon valley, the three main sources of the chromium in the groundwater were determined (6,7). Starting with the lowest contributor, weathering of pyroxenites (an ultramafic rock with a high total chromium content, around 1500 ppm) produced contamination levels in the This paper was presented at the Joint United States-Mexico Conference on Fate, Transport, and Interactions of Metals held [14][15][16] range of 0.004 to 0.015 mg/i of Cr(VI), mainly to the northeast of the valley.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, the practice of using residual ashes produced in brick manufacturing (containing more than 1000 ppm of hexavalent chromium) as fertilizer has polluted the widest area of the valley (around 180 km2) and has generated chromium concentrations in the groundwater in the range of 0.005 to 0.04 mg/I. Finally, the inadequate solid waste disposal of the chromate factory Quimica Central (Qui Ce) in southwest Leon has produced the highest concentration levels-up to 50 mg/l-in the groundwater over a smaller area that measures about 5 km2 (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental exposure to chromium compounds in the valley of León, México.

Armienta-Hernandez

Rodríguez-Castillo

1995

Environ Health Perspect

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The effects on the environment and health of the operation of a chromate compounds factory and tanneries in the León valley in central México are discussed. Sampling and analysis of chromium were performed in water, soil, and human urine. Groundwater has been polluted in an area of about 5 km2 by the leaching of a solid factory waste, which results in concentrations up to 50 mg/l of hexavalent chromium. The plume shape and extension appear to be controlled by the prevailing well extraction regime. Total chromium was detected in the soil around the factory as a result of both aerial transport and deposition of dust produced in the chromate process and irrigation with tannery-contaminated water. Analysis of the impact of chromium in air and water on populations with various degrees of exposure revealed that highly harmful health effects were not observed.

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“…ried out in Leon valley, the three main sources of the chromium in the groundwa? ter were determined (6,7). Starting with the lowest contributor, weathering of pyroxenites (an ultramafic rock with a high total chromium content, around 1500 ppm) produced contamination levels in the range of 0.004 to 0.015 mg/1 of Cr(VI), mainly to the northeast of the valley.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%