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Providing earth-science information through an extensive publications program and a network of public access points. Along with its continuing commitment tD meet the growing and changing earthscience needs of the Nation, the USGS remains dedicated to its original mission to collect, analyze, interpret, publish, and disseitninate information about the natural resources of the Nation providing "Earth Science in the public Service/' Water Resources Division The mission of the Water Resources Division tion and understanding needed for the optimum use and water resources for the overall benefit of the plished, in large part, through cooperation by: 's Mission and Program is to provide the hydrologic informamanagement of the Nation's people of the United States. This is accomother Federal and non-Federal agencies with Collecting, on a systematic basis, data needed for the continuing determination and evaluation of the quantity, quality, and use of the Nation's water resources. Conducting analytical and interpretive water-resource appraisals describing the occurrence, availability, and the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of surface water and ground water. Conducting supportive basic and probl ogy, and related fields of science to improve measurement techniques and to understand quantitatively predict their response to stress em Disseminating the water data and the results of these investigations and research through reports, maps, computerized information services, and other forms of public releases. [-oriented research in hydraulics, hydrolthe scientific basis for investigations and 1 \ydrologic systems sufficiently well to , either natural or manmade. Coordinating the activities of Federal agencies streams, lakes, reservoirs, estuaries, and ground in the acquisition of water data for water. Providing scientific and technical assistance in hydrologic fields to other Federal, State, and local agencies, to licensees of the Federal Power Commission, and to international agencies on behalf of the Department of State. Types of Funding The diagram below shows the percentage of the investigations for fiscal year 1989 in each of the broad categories of collection of hydrologic data, areal appraisals and interpretive studies, and research projects: COLLECTION OF HYDROLOGIC DATA AREAL APPRAISALS AND INTERPRETIVE STUDIES RESEARCH PROJECTS These investigations are directed toward obtaining the information needed by managers and planners for the solution or alleviation of water problems in New York. The investigations are supported by funds provided by State and local units of government and federal funds from the U.S. Geological Survey and other federal agencies. About 70 percent of the federal funds contributed by the U.S. Geological Survey are used to match, on a 50-50 basis, the funds contributed by the State and other local units of government. In fiscal year 1989, the financial support for these programs in New York was about $7.5 million, which was distributed as follows:
Providing earth-science information through an extensive publications program and a network of public access points. Along with its continuing commitment tD meet the growing and changing earthscience needs of the Nation, the USGS remains dedicated to its original mission to collect, analyze, interpret, publish, and disseitninate information about the natural resources of the Nation providing "Earth Science in the public Service/' Water Resources Division The mission of the Water Resources Division tion and understanding needed for the optimum use and water resources for the overall benefit of the plished, in large part, through cooperation by: 's Mission and Program is to provide the hydrologic informamanagement of the Nation's people of the United States. This is accomother Federal and non-Federal agencies with Collecting, on a systematic basis, data needed for the continuing determination and evaluation of the quantity, quality, and use of the Nation's water resources. Conducting analytical and interpretive water-resource appraisals describing the occurrence, availability, and the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of surface water and ground water. Conducting supportive basic and probl ogy, and related fields of science to improve measurement techniques and to understand quantitatively predict their response to stress em Disseminating the water data and the results of these investigations and research through reports, maps, computerized information services, and other forms of public releases. [-oriented research in hydraulics, hydrolthe scientific basis for investigations and 1 \ydrologic systems sufficiently well to , either natural or manmade. Coordinating the activities of Federal agencies streams, lakes, reservoirs, estuaries, and ground in the acquisition of water data for water. Providing scientific and technical assistance in hydrologic fields to other Federal, State, and local agencies, to licensees of the Federal Power Commission, and to international agencies on behalf of the Department of State. Types of Funding The diagram below shows the percentage of the investigations for fiscal year 1989 in each of the broad categories of collection of hydrologic data, areal appraisals and interpretive studies, and research projects: COLLECTION OF HYDROLOGIC DATA AREAL APPRAISALS AND INTERPRETIVE STUDIES RESEARCH PROJECTS These investigations are directed toward obtaining the information needed by managers and planners for the solution or alleviation of water problems in New York. The investigations are supported by funds provided by State and local units of government and federal funds from the U.S. Geological Survey and other federal agencies. About 70 percent of the federal funds contributed by the U.S. Geological Survey are used to match, on a 50-50 basis, the funds contributed by the State and other local units of government. In fiscal year 1989, the financial support for these programs in New York was about $7.5 million, which was distributed as follows:
Sludge from sewage-treatment plants and septic tanks was discharged to unlined infiltration basins at a scavenger-wastedisposal facility in Manorville, in south-central Suffolk County, during 1964-82, and solid waste was accepted during 1960-72. Three test borings were made at the site and groundwater samples collected in 1984 and 1985 to examine the effects of the waste on local groundwater quality in the upper glacial aquifer. The test borings reveal that 180 to 205 feet of well-sorted glacial outwash sediments overlie deposits of the Matawan Group and Magothy Formation, undifferentiated. A sandy facies of the Gardiners Clay may be present in the southern half of the 0.88square-mile study area. Observation wells were installed in clusters along flow lines hydraulically downgradient from the facility, and water samples were collected from 29 wells in 1984 and from 63 wells in 1985. Geochemical data indicate that a 1,300-foot-wide plume of contaminated water has moved 4,700 feet downgradient from the disposal site. Samples of plume water had higher specific conductance, lower dissolved-oxygen concentrations, and higher concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and chlorobenzene than did samples from uncontaminated areas. The median background dissolved-solids concentration of 23 mg/L (milligrams per liter) in water from wells in areas unaffected by the plume is considerably lower than the median concentration of 190 mg/L for plume water, which indicates that dissolved-solids concentration and specific conductance are useful indicators of the plume's extent. Dissolved-iron concentrations in ground water are elevated for at least 1,400 feet downgradient from the site as a result of chemical (oxidation-reduction) alteration to the more soluble ferrous state. The geochemical condition of ground water near this facility shows general similarities and particular differences to previously studied landfills located in glacial outwash deposits.
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