Ground transport stress affects bacteria in the rumen of beef cattle: A real‐time PCR analysis

Deng, Ling; He, Chao; Zhou, Yan; Xu, Lei; Xiong, Huijun

doi:10.1111/asj.12615

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…In this study, the ACTH, Cor, and HSP90 levels significantly increased after transport, and this finding is in agreement with other studies worldwide. For example, ACTH and Cor levels respectively increased to 4.9-fold and 1.8-fold higher than baseline after beef cattle transportation [14]. Similar to the above study, plasma Cor concentrations in transported horses greatly increased [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of long-distance transportation on blood constituents and composition of the nasal microbiota in healthy donkeys

Zhao

Jiang

Ji³

et al. 2020

BMC Vet Res

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Background This study aims to determine the effects of transportation on the nasal microbiota of healthy donkeys using 16S rRNA sequencing. Results Deep nasal swabs and blood were sampled from 14 donkeys before and after 21 hours’ long-distance transportation. The values of the plasma hormone (cortisol (Cor), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)), biochemical indicators (total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), creatinine (CREA), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), blood urea (UREA), plasma glucose (GLU)) and blood routine indices (white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte (LYM), neutrophil (NEU), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB)) were measured. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to assess the nasal microbiota, including alpha diversity, beta diversity, and phylogenetic structures. Results showed that levels of Cor, ACTH, and heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) after long-distance transportation. Several biochemical indicators (AST, CK) and blood routine indices (Neu, RBC, and HGB) increased markedly (p < 0.05), but the LYM decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Nine families and eight genera had a mean relative abundance over 1%. The predominant phyla in nasal microbiota after and before transportation were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Transportation stress induced significant changes in terms of nasal microbiota structure compared with those before transportation based on principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) coupled with analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) (p < 0.05). Among these changes, a notably gain in Proteobacteria and loss in Firmicutes at the phylum level was observed. Conclusions These results suggest transportation can cause stress to donkeys and change the richness and diversity of nasal microbiota. Further studies are required to understand the potential effect of these microbiota changes on the development of donkey respiratory diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of long-distance transportation on blood constituents and composition of the nasal microbiota in healthy donkeys

Zhao

Jiang

Ji³

et al. 2020

BMC Vet Res

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“…It is important to consider that road transportation includes more than just the shipping itself; it should also considerthe assembly and loading of animals at their place of origin, confinement on a moving or stationary vehicle, unloading, and penning at their final destination [ 2 ]. Several research studies have been conducted in the last few decades, in an effort to achieve a better understanding of the characteristics of road transportation and its effects on cattle [ 3 – 6 ]. Analysis of these effects will improve animal welfare and help reduce the economic losses associated with transportation [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preconditioning beef cattle for long-duration transportation stress with rumen-protected methionine supplementation: A nutrigenetics study

et al. 2020

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In general, beef cattle long-distance transportation from cow-calf operations to feedlots or from feedlots to abattoirs is a common situation in the beef industry. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rumen-protected methionine (RPM) supplementation on a proposed gene network for muscle fatigue, creatine synthesis (CKM), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism after a transportation simulation in a test track. Angus × Simmental heifers (n = 18) were stratified by body weight (408 ± 64 kg; BW) and randomly assigned to dietary treatments: 1) control diet (CTRL) or 2) control diet + 8 gr/hd/day of topdressed rumen-protected methionine (RPM). After an adaptation period to Calan gates, animals received the mentioned dietary treatment consisting of Bermuda hay ad libitum and a soy hulls and corn gluten feed based supplement. After 45 days of supplementation, animals were loaded onto a trailer and transported for 22 hours (long-term transportation). Longissimus muscle biopsies, BW and blood samples were obtained on day 0 (Baseline), 43 (Pre-transport; PRET), and 46 (Post-transport; POST). Heifers' average daily gain did not differ between baseline and PRET. Control heifer's shrink was 10% of BW while RPM heifers shrink was 8%. Serum cortisol decreased, and glucose and creatine kinase levels increased after transportation, but no differences were observed between treatments. Messenger RNA was extracted from skeletal muscle tissue and gene expression analysis was performed by RT-qPCR. Results showed that AHCY and DNMT3A (DNA methylation), SSPN (Sarcoglycan complex), and SOD2 (Oxidative Stress-ROS) were upregulated in CTRL between baseline and PRET and, decreased between pre and POST while they remained constant for RPM. Furthermore, CKM was not affected by treatments. In conclusion, RPM supplementation may affect ROS production and enhance DNA hypermethylation, after a long-term transportation.

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“…In animals, stress can lead to altered behavior, decreased immune protection and/or altered metabolism (reduced growth and production), or a combination of these responses, all of which affect animal health, productivity and are economically detrimental to the livestock industry [12, 13]. For instance, transportation stress has been shown to increase serum cortisol concentration, decrease rumen pH, alter ruminal bacteria and decrease body weight in cattle [14]. Changes in luminal pH, gut motility, nutrient supplies and host secretions are associated with changes in GIT microbiota [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal microbiota changes associated with dehorning and castration stress primarily affects light-weight dairy calves

et al. 2019

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Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota and stress can impact animal health. Studies have shown that perturbations in the GIT microbiota can influence host health and productivity by affecting physiological homeostasis, metabolism, hematopoiesis and inflammation. The present study aimed to evaluate possible effects of dehorning and castration stress on the GIT microbiota of dairy calves. Dehorning and castration are routinely performed on over 90% of dairy farms, and analgesics like flunixin meglumine (FLU) are given at the time of these procedures to reduce pain. We analyzed fecal microbiota of 24 weaned male dairy calves at two different stages in their life (at 10 weeks for dehorning and 36 weeks age for castration) to determine any GIT microbiota changes due to these stressful procedures and the FLU treatment. Dehorning was performed using an electrocautery dehorner applied to the horn for 10 seconds, and surgical castration was used as the castration method. Our analysis showed that the Shannon diversity index was significantly higher in animals that were not dehorned compared to dehorned animals. Castration stress also resulted in a significant decrease in Shannon diversity index, which was more pronounced in lower weight calves. Body weight and stress had significant effects on the taxonomic profiles of the GIT microbiota. There was a significant difference in the GIT bacterial community structure between heavy- and light-weight calves at Day 3 after castration but not at Day 0 (prior to castration). Our results indicate that dehorning and castration stress reduced microbial diversity of the GIT microbiota, but only in light-weight calves. This work is important for elucidating biological effects of stress on dairy calves and identifying potential modulation points in the microbiota of these food-producing animals to improve animal health and production.

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Ground transport stress affects bacteria in the rumen of beef cattle: A real‐time PCR analysis

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of long-distance transportation on blood constituents and composition of the nasal microbiota in healthy donkeys

Effects of long-distance transportation on blood constituents and composition of the nasal microbiota in healthy donkeys

Preconditioning beef cattle for long-duration transportation stress with rumen-protected methionine supplementation: A nutrigenetics study

Fecal microbiota changes associated with dehorning and castration stress primarily affects light-weight dairy calves

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