Ground-state phase diagram of a dipolar condensate with quantum fluctuations

Bisset, R. N.; Wilson, Ryan; Baillie, D.; Blakie, P. B.

doi:10.1103/physreva.94.033619

Cited by 196 publications

(251 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…In this case, the quantum and thermal fluctuations are strong enough to dominate the three-body losses, leaving the system in the high density regime and hence, a single macro-droplet will take place [34,36,41]. Figure 3 depicts that the number of particles inside the droplet decreases with rising temperature and vanishes close to T c .…”

Section: Quantum Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantum dilute droplets of dipolar bosons at finite temperature

Boudjemâa¹

2017

Annals of Physics

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We systematically study the properties of dipolar Bose gases with two-and three-body contact interactions at finite temperature using the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov-Popov approximation. In uniform case, we obtain an exciting new extension of the seminal Lee-Huang-Yang corrected equation of state that depends explicitly on the thermal fluctuations and on the coupling constant of the three-body interaction. We investigate, on the other hand, the effects of thermal fluctuations on the occurrence and stability of a droplet state in a Bose-Einstein condensate with strong dipole-dipole interactions. We find that at finite temperature, the droplet phase appears as a narrow peak surrounded by a broader thermal halo. We show that the number of particles inside the droplet decays with increasing temperature.

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Section: Quantum Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantum dilute droplets of dipolar bosons at finite temperature

Boudjemâa¹

2017

Annals of Physics

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“…One of the most fascinating phenomena recently observed in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) with Dy and Er atoms is the formation of self-bound droplets [1][2][3][4]. Theoretically, a wealth of studies have been spawned for highlighting the behavior of droplet states [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. These so-called liquid droplets are stable even in the absence of external trapping [3,8,9] (self-bound) due to the competition between attraction, repulsion and Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) quantum fluctuations [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional quantum droplets in dipolar Bose gases

Boudjemâa

2019

New J. Phys.

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We calculate analytically the quantum and thermal fluctuations corrections of a dilute quasi-twodimensional Bose-condensed dipolar gas. We show that these fluctuations may change their character from repulsion to attraction in the density-temperature plane owing to the striking momentum dependence of the dipole-dipole interactions. The dipolar instability is halted by such unconventional beyond mean field corrections leading to the formation of a droplet phase. The equilibrium features and coherence properties exhibited by such droplets are deeply discussed. At finite temperature, we find that the equilibrium density crucially depends on the temperature and on the confinement strength and thus, a stable droplet can exist only at ultralow temperature due to the strong thermal fluctuations.

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“…Initial mechanisms based on the inclusion of threebody forces were reported to produce both effects [16][17][18] (droplet formation and crystallization), although this mechanism does not seem to be fully compatible with experimental data [15]. Beyond mean field effects at the level of the Lee-Huang-Yang correction (LHY) [19], as proposed in [20][21][22], produce equivalent effects. A similar stabilization mechanism has been recently proposed to make possible the formation of liquid droplets in attractive Bose-Bose mixtures [23].…”

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confidence: 97%

Droplets of Trapped Quantum Dipolar Bosons

et al. 2016

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Strongly interacting systems of dipolar bosons in three dimensions confined by harmonic traps are analyzed using the exact Path Integral Ground State Monte Carlo method. By adding a repulsive two-body potential, we find a narrow window of interaction parameters leading to stable groundstate configurations of droplets in a crystalline arrangement. We find that this effect is entirely due to the interaction present in the Hamiltonian without resorting to additional stabilizing mechanisms or specific three-body forces. We analyze the number of droplets formed in terms of the Hamiltonian parameters, relate them to the corresponding s-wave scattering length, and discuss a simple scaling model for the density profiles. Our results are in qualitative agreement with recent experiments showing a quantum Rosensweig instability in trapped Dy atoms.Dipolar effects in quantum gases have been considered of major experimental and theoretical interest in the last decade since the initial studies of dilute clouds of Cr atoms, which present a relatively large magnetic dipolar moment. In the pioneering experiments of Ref.[1], the two-body scattering length of a cloud of 52 Cr atoms was drastically reduced by bringing it close to a Feshbach resonance. In this way, dipolar effects were enhanced and interesting new features, not observed before in other species like Rb or Cs, appeared. The long range and anisotropic character of the dipolar interaction has been largely explored since then, leading to interesting new phenomena such as d-wave superfluidity or d-wave collapse [2,3]. All these experiments have opened new perspectives on the field of dipolar quantum physics, and new systems with stronger dipolar interactions have since then been explored. The most promising ones, consisting initially in ultracold polar molecules of K and Rb or Cs and Rb, are unfortunately problematic due to the inherent difficulty to bring them down to the quantum degeneracy limit, although recent progress have been achieved with NaK [4] The anisotropy of the dipolar interaction plays a fundamental role on the behavior of the system, with different regimes and phases depending on the geometry and dimensionality. The particular form of the dipole-dipole potential makes the interaction be attractive or repulsive depending on the relative orientation of the dipoles, according to the expressionwhere C dd sets the strength of the interaction that is proportional to the square of the (magnetic or electric) dipolar moment, p j is the dipolar moment itself, and r is the relative position vector of the two interacting dipoles. The particular form of this interaction leads to surprising new features not present in other systems, like stripe phases in two-dimensional (2D) Bose systems [10]. Similar phases in Fermi systems have also been predicted [11,12], although these are more controversial [13]. One of the most interesting phenomenon recently reported in the field of dipolar quantum gases is the formation of self-bound droplets when a gas of trapped 164 Dy atoms...

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Ground-state phase diagram of a dipolar condensate with quantum fluctuations

Cited by 196 publications

References 48 publications

Quantum dilute droplets of dipolar bosons at finite temperature

Quantum dilute droplets of dipolar bosons at finite temperature

Two-dimensional quantum droplets in dipolar Bose gases

Droplets of Trapped Quantum Dipolar Bosons

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