Ground-state cooling of multiple near-degenerate mechanical modes

Liu, Jinyu; Liu, Wenjing; Xu, Da; Shi, Jia-Chen; Xu, Haitan; Gong, Qihuang; Xiao, Yun‐Feng

doi:10.1103/physreva.105.053518

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…and similar expressions hold for the other combinations) but their permutation symmetry allows insight into their entanglement properties that would be difficult with more general, orthogonal Bogoliubov modes. At the same time, the non-orthogonality of the Bogoliubov modes reduces the total cooling rate and the final thermal occupation of the mechanical modes [59] (see also Methods). Nevertheless, we use these Bogoliubov modes only as a tool to understand the system dynamics and resulting entanglement; we are ultimately interested in entanglement between the bare particle modes b j .…”

Section: Entanglement Generation and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stationary Gaussian entanglement between levitated nanoparticles

2020

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Coherent scattering of photons is a novel mechanism of optomechanical coupling for optically levitated nanoparticles promising strong, versatile interactions with light and between nanoparticles. We show that it allows efficient deterministic generation of Gaussian entanglement between two particles in separate tweezers. A combination of red- and blue-detuned tweezers brings a mechanical Bogoliubov mode to its ground state. An additional, dispersively coupled cavity mode can reduce noise in the orthogonal mode, resulting in strong entanglement as quantified by the logarithmic negativity and verifiable with the Duan criterion for realistic experimental parameters. Such an important resource for quantum sensing and quantum simulations is pivotal for current experiments and presents an important step towards optomechanics with multiple particles in the quantum regime.

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Section: Entanglement Generation and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stationary Gaussian entanglement between levitated nanoparticles

2020

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“…, and similar expressions hold for the other combinations) but their permutation symmetry allows insight into their entanglement properties that would be difficult with more general, orthogonal Bogoliubov modes. At the same time, the non-orthogonality of the Bogoliubov modes reduces the total cooling rate and the final thermal occupation of the mechanical modes 65 (see also Methods). Nevertheless, we use these Bogoliubov modes only as a tool to understand the system dynamics and resulting entanglement; we are ultimately interested in entanglement between the bare particle modes b j .…”

Section: Entanglement Generation and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tuneable Gaussian entanglement in levitated nanoparticle arrays

2022

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Optically levitated nanoparticles emerged as an interesting platform for probing fundamental physics. Quantum control of their motion (including potential shaping) predisposes them for emulating various physical systems and studying quantum phenomena with massive objects. Extending these capabilities to quantum many-body systems requires feasible strategies to couple and entangle nanoparticles directly or via an optical bus. We propose a variable, deterministic scheme to generate Gaussian entanglement in the motional steady state of levitated nanoparticles using coherent scattering. Coupling multiple nanoparticles to a common cavity mode allows cooling of a collective Bogoliubov mode; cooling multiple Bogoliubov modes (by trapping each nanoparticle in multiple tweezers, each scattering into a separate cavity mode) removes most thermal noise, leading to strong entanglement. Numerical simulations for three nanoparticles show great tuneability of entanglement with realistic experimental parameters. Our proposal paves the way towards complex motional quantum states for advanced quantum sensing protocols and many-body quantum simulations.

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“…In our levitated particle setup, we achieve simultaneous ground-state cooling of two mechanical modes. We circumvent the key obstacle preventing multimode ground-state cooling in optomechanical systems 16,17 , namely the effect of the dark mode [18][19][20][21] . The dark hybrid mode is decoupled from the cavity and thus inhibits the efficient cooling of its constituent mechanical modes when they are strongly interacting.…”

Section: Transition From 2d To 1d Ground-state Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous ground-state cooling of two mechanical modes of a levitated nanoparticle

et al. 2023

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The quantum ground state of a massive mechanical system is a stepping stone for investigating macroscopic quantum states and building high fidelity sensors. With the recent achievement of ground-state cooling of a single motional mode, levitated nanoparticles have entered the quantum domain. To overcome detrimental cross-coupling and decoherence effects, quantum control needs to be expanded to more system dimensions, but the effect of a decoupled dark mode has so far hindered cavity-based ground-state cooling of multiple mechanical modes. Here, we demonstrate two-dimensional ground-state cooling of an optically levitated nanoparticle. Utilizing coherent scattering into an optical cavity mode, we reduce the occupation numbers of two separate centre-of-mass modes to 0.83 and 0.81, respectively. By controlling the frequency separation and the cavity coupling strengths of the nanoparticle’s mechanical modes, we show the transition from 1D to 2D ground-state cooling. This 2D control lays the foundations for quantum-limited orbital angular momentum states for rotation sensing and, combined with ground-state cooling along the third motional axis shown previously, may allow full 3D ground-state cooling of a massive object.

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Ground-state cooling of multiple near-degenerate mechanical modes

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

Stationary Gaussian entanglement between levitated nanoparticles

Stationary Gaussian entanglement between levitated nanoparticles

Tuneable Gaussian entanglement in levitated nanoparticle arrays

Simultaneous ground-state cooling of two mechanical modes of a levitated nanoparticle

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