Ground source heat pumps and their interactions with underground railway tunnels in an urban environment: A review

Revesz, A. G.; Chaer, Issa; Thompson, J.A.; Mavroulidou, Maria; Gunn, Michael; Maidment, Graeme

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.09.011

Cited by 40 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Comparison the optimum results of this work, by using exchanger, and another work, in which an exchanger was utilized between loops and ground, heat recovery is possible only in heating condition .…”

Section: Combined Solar Collector‐geothermal Heat Pump Systems To Supmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ground source heat pump carbon emissions and ground‐source heat pump systems for heating and cooling of buildings: A review

Ahmadi

Sadaghiani

et al. 2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Owing to the eye‐catching pros of high energy and environmental performances, numerous ground‐source heat pump (GSHP) systems have been employed in domestic and industrial buildings throughout the world. One of the proved renewable energy technologies is the GSHPs which is able to fulfill the gap between cooling and heating. The main contribution of this article is to present a fully description and critical review of the GSHP systems along with their current developments. At first, the energy efficiency and working standard of a heat pump are introduced. Furthermore, an expansive description of the GSHPs and its advances, and a fully explanation of the ground‐couplet (GCHP) heat pumps, ground‐water (GWHP), and surface water (SWHP) are provided. The mainly representative ground thermal response examination approaches and simulation for the vertical ground heat exchangers presently existing are reviewed counting the heat transfer progressions inside and outside the holes. Similarly, various info regarding a different GWHP by a heat exchanger with different structures, and the opportunity to gain the enhanced energy efficiency with joint cooling and heating using GCHP are explained. The numerous hybrid GCHP systems for heating or cooling‐dominated constructions are appropriately illustrated. It can be deduced that the GSHP technology can be employed both in hot and cold weather areas and the potential of energy saving is noteworthy. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1241–1265, 2018

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Section: Combined Solar Collector‐geothermal Heat Pump Systems To Supmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ground source heat pump carbon emissions and ground‐source heat pump systems for heating and cooling of buildings: A review

Ahmadi

Sadaghiani

et al. 2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…A different approach to recover the excess heat that is generated in railway tunnels in London was proposed by the authors of [40,41], suggesting the use of ground source heat pumps (GHSPs) connected to geothermal heat exchangers (GHEs) to collect the heat that is conducted into the surrounding soil during the operation of trains due to the heat sink effect. A finite element model was developed to analyze how GHEs can have their performance enhanced when placed near railway tunnels and how different configurations of GHEs-with varying numbers of rows and loops, sizes, as well as proximity to tunnels-could affect their heat extraction rate.…”

Section: Waste Heat Recovery From Railway Tunnelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for Integrating Underground Railways into Low Carbon Urban Energy Networks: A Review

et al. 2019

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Cities demand vast amounts of energy for their everyday operation, resulting in significant degradation of energy in the form of heat in the urban environment. This leads to high cooling requirements in cities, while also presenting the opportunity to reuse such waste heat in order to provide low-carbon heating for buildings and processes. Among the many potential energy sources that could be exploited in urban areas, underground railway tunnels are particularly attractive, as the operation of the trains produce considerable amounts of heat throughout the year. This paper reviews how secondary energy sources in urban areas can be integrated into heating and cooling networks, with emphasis on underground rail tunnels. This involves investigating potential urban waste heat sources and the existing state-of-the-art technologies that could be applied to efficiently recover this secondary energy, as well as analyzing how district heating and cooling networks have been a key mechanism to allow for a smooth transition from current fossil fuel based to future low-carbon energy sources.

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“…Potential factors or heat sources that can influence T soil were identified based on the scientific literature (Menberg et al, 2013b;Revesz et al, 2016) and practical experience of representatives of the Dutch drinking water companies (Table 3). The factors and heat sources are categorised: aboveground or underground.…”

Section: Gis Analysis: Identification Of the Urban Characteristics Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying (subsurface) anthropogenic heat sources that influence temperature in the drinking water distribution system

Agudelo-Vera

Blokker

Kater

et al. 2017

Drink. Water Eng. Sci.

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Abstract. The water temperature in the drinking water distribution system and at customers' taps approaches the surrounding soil temperature at a depth of 1 m. Water temperature is an important determinant of water quality. In the Netherlands drinking water is distributed without additional residual disinfectant and the temperature of drinking water at customers' taps is not allowed to exceed 25 • C. In recent decades, the urban (sub)surface has been getting more occupied by various types of infrastructures, and some of these can be heat sources. Only recently have the anthropogenic sources and their influence on the underground been studied on coarse spatial scales. Little is known about the urban shallow underground heat profile on small spatial scales, of the order of 10 m × 10 m. Routine water quality samples at the tap in urban areas have shown up locations -so-called hotspots -in the city, with relatively high soil temperatures -up to 7 • C warmer -compared to the soil temperatures in the surrounding rural areas. Yet the sources and the locations of these hotspots have not been identified. It is expected that with climate change during a warm summer the soil temperature in the hotspots can be above 25 • C. The objective of this paper is to find a method to identify heat sources and urban characteristics that locally influence the soil temperature. The proposed method combines mapping of urban anthropogenic heat sources, retrospective modelling of the soil temperature, analysis of water temperature measurements at the tap, and extensive soil temperature measurements. This approach provided insight into the typical range of the variation of the urban soil temperature, and it is a first step to identifying areas with potential underground heat stress towards thermal underground management in cities.

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Ground source heat pumps and their interactions with underground railway tunnels in an urban environment: A review

Cited by 40 publications

References 15 publications

Ground source heat pump carbon emissions and ground‐source heat pump systems for heating and cooling of buildings: A review

Ground source heat pump carbon emissions and ground‐source heat pump systems for heating and cooling of buildings: A review

Opportunities for Integrating Underground Railways into Low Carbon Urban Energy Networks: A Review

Identifying (subsurface) anthropogenic heat sources that influence temperature in the drinking water distribution system

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