Ground observations of power line radiation coupled to the ionosphere and magnetosphere

Park, C. G.; Helliwell, R. A.; Lefeuvre, F.

doi:10.1007/bf00242240

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Based upon ground observations from a VLF transmitter at Siple, Antarctica, Helliwell's group has shown that strong whistler-mode waves in the magnetosphere are often stimulated by power-line harmonic radiation (Park et aL, 1983). These stimulated emissions sometimes dominate the wave activity in the kHz range.…”

Section: Power-line Radiation Coupled To the Magnetospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of power-line radiation and its coupling to the ionosphere and magnetosphere

Kikuchi

1983

Space Sci Rev

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Forward. The subject of 'Power-Line Radiation and its Coupling to the Ionosphere and Magnetosphere' is one of the topics of growing interest as an interdisciplinary problem on the impact of man-made or power-line systems on natural radio noise in our environment. Obviously we have two situations in terms of locations of the primary source origin or transmitting and receiving sites. One is the case when a man-made or power-line system is active as a transmitting antenna or radiator and radiates electromagnetic waves that tend to couple to the ionosphere and magnetosphere. The other is the opposite case where a man-made or power-line system is passive as a receiving antenna and the primary source origin is located in the ionosphere or magnetosphere. Then, potential differences of finite conductivity induced within the Earth produce a large quasi-de current in a power-line system through its neutral grounded points.While both these cases are currently receiving considerable attention over a wide range of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary communities among man-made and natural radio noise workers, the study of powerline characteristics as a transmitting or receiving system or antenna is not new, going back as early as to the 1920s (Beverage et al., 1923), but has been a long-standing problem over several decades. This forms the groundwork for resolving environmental problems of the interference due to electromagnetic induction and radiation from man-made or power-line systems. In spite of a large number of investigations on wave propagation along and radiation from a wire above the ground (Sunde, 1968), to which all the problems are basically reduced, its physical mechanism of radiation is surprisingly still not well understood (Jenssen, 1949). We therefore begin with a brief survey of this problem, as details are discussed in a separate article in this issue.

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Section: Power-line Radiation Coupled To the Magnetospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of power-line radiation and its coupling to the ionosphere and magnetosphere

Kikuchi

1983

Space Sci Rev

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“…Although the intensity of the PLHR events is generally rather low, they may trigger new electromagnetic emissions [ Park and Helliwell , ; Nunn et al , ; Parrot and Němec , ; Parrot et al , ] and possibly contribute to electron precipitation [ Tatnall et al , ; Bullough , ; Prakash et al , ]. Propagation of PLHR events from their source power line up to the satellite altitudes was considered by Kikuchi [], Ando et al [], Němec et al [], and Jing et al [].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power line harmonic radiation observed by the DEMETER spacecraft at 50/60 Hz and low harmonics

2015

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We present a low‐altitude satellite survey of Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR), i.e., electromagnetic waves radiated by electric power systems on the ground. We focus on frequencies corresponding to the first few harmonics of the base power system frequencies (50 Hz or 60 Hz, depending on the region). It is shown that the intensities of electromagnetic waves detected at these frequencies at an altitude of about 700 km are significantly enhanced above industrialized areas. The frequencies at which the wave intensities are increased are in excellent agreement with base power system frequencies just below the satellite location. We also investigate a possible presence of the weekend effect, i.e., if the situation is different during the weekends when the power consumption is lower than during the weekdays. Such an effect might be possibly present in the European region, but it is very weak. PLHR effects are less often detected in the summer, as the ionospheric absorption increases, and also, the radiation is obscured by lightning generated emissions. This difference is smaller in the U.S. region, in agreement with the monthly variations of the power consumption. The analysis of the measured frequency spectra reveals that although intensity increases at low odd harmonics of base power system frequencies are routinely detected, low even harmonics are generally absent. Finally, we verify the relation of PLHR intensities to the geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) proxy. It is shown that the PLHR intensity is increased at the times of higher GIC proxy values during the night.

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“…When represented in the form of frequency‐time spectrograms, they usually have a form of intense parallel lines with mutual distances of 50/100 or 60/120 Hz, because odd/even harmonics can sometimes be strongly suppressed. Such emissions are often observed on the ground and evidence for their propagation through the magnetosphere has been shown [ Helliwell et al , 1975; Park and Helliwell , 1978; Matthews and Yearby , 1981; Park and Helliwell , 1981; Park and Helliwell , 1983; Yearby et al , 1983; Manninen , 2005]. However, direct observations by satellites are rather rare and with a few exceptions [ Rodger et al , 1995; Němec et al , 2006, 2007b] these studies usually reported only a low number of events [ Koons et al , 1978; Bell et al , 1982; Tomizawa and Yoshino , 1985; Parrot et al , 2005].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power line harmonic radiation observed by satellite: Properties and propagation through the ionosphere

et al. 2008

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[1] We present results of a systematic survey of power line harmonic radiation events observed by the low-altitude DEMETER spacecraft. Altogether, 88 events (45 with frequency spacing 50/100 Hz and 43 with frequency spacing 60/120 Hz) have been found by an automatic identification procedure and confirmed by visual inspection. Frequency-Time intervals of individual lines forming the events have been found by an automated procedure, and the corresponding frequency-time spectrograms have been fitted by a 2d-Gaussian model. It is shown that the mean time duration of the lines forming the events is 20 seconds, with median being 12 seconds (this corresponds to the spatial dimensions of 156/90 km, respectively). The full width at half maximum of the frequency range of the lines is less than 3 Hz in the majority of cases. Moreover, the lines with larger bandwidth and the lines with the largest intensities often occur off exact multiples of base power system frequency. This can be explained either by wave-particle interactions that take place and modify the radiated electromagnetic wave or by the improperly operating radiating power system. Full-wave calculation of the efficiency of coupling of electromagnetic waves through the ionosphere has been done to show that it can explain lower intensity of events observed by satellite during the day as compared with those observed during the night. Estimated radiated peak power on the ground is larger for events observed during the day than for events observed during the night, and more events are observed during the day than during the night.

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Ground observations of power line radiation coupled to the ionosphere and magnetosphere

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Overview of power-line radiation and its coupling to the ionosphere and magnetosphere

Overview of power-line radiation and its coupling to the ionosphere and magnetosphere

Power line harmonic radiation observed by the DEMETER spacecraft at 50/60 Hz and low harmonics

Power line harmonic radiation observed by satellite: Properties and propagation through the ionosphere

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