Ground Distance Relay Compensation Based on Fault Resistance Calculation

Eissa, M.M.

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2006.874621

Cited by 83 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Roots of such equations are not necessarily existent or if existent not necessarily unique. For SLG faults, Equation (15) absolutely guarantees the existence of the root giving the right fault distance, as it is developed on the basis of valid circuit principles. The equation has also been examined for the existence of other roots through the simulations with the details given later in section 7.…”

Section: Discussion On Roots Of F (P) =mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new ground impedance measuring element for digital distance relaying of long parallel lines in high fault resistance conditions

Abdollahzadeh

Mozafari

Jazaeri

2015

Int. Trans. Electr. Energ. Syst.

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SUMMARYGround impedance measuring elements (ground elements), which are responsible for removing singlephase-to-ground faults in distance relays, are highly prone to underreach when facing a significant resistance in the fault path. This paper proposes a new ground element with ensured dependability in high fault resistance conditions for the first-zone digital distance relaying of parallel lines. The proposed ground element functions on the basis of the fault distance and fault resistance it estimates, online during the faults, through the equation derived from the voltages and currents of the distributed-parameters line model. Hence, it will be particularly applicable to the parallel lines of long length in which the distributed parameters effect is significant. The proposed element requires only the data acquired at the relaying location. Further, its function is independent of the structural configuration of the system. Unlike conventional ground elements, the proposed element preserves its security in case of irrelevant-circuit as well as external faults. Simulation studies conducted in MATLAB and PSCAD/EMTDC examine the proposed ground element in a variety of influencing situations, and the results reveal that it accurately trips the faults in the first zone with no incidence of underreach in case of high resistance faults. The accuracy of the proposed element is over 99.4% and its tripping time within 0.3-1.3 cycles.

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Section: Discussion On Roots Of F (P) =mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new ground impedance measuring element for digital distance relaying of long parallel lines in high fault resistance conditions

Abdollahzadeh

Mozafari

Jazaeri

2015

Int. Trans. Electr. Energ. Syst.

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“…Since highresistance faults cause the relays under-reaching, different methods have been presented to eliminate the under-reaching [16][17][18][19][20][21]. The feasible and simple method of [16] and [21] is used in this study in which the currents and active powers are measured at the buses of the transmission line with PMUs. These signals are then transmitted to the relay location to calculate I f = I C + I B and R f is calculated as:…”

Section: Modeling Of System With Sssc and Distance Relaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active power based distance protection scheme in the presence of series compensators

Ghorbani

Ebrahimi

Ghorbani

2017

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

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Flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) controllers, especially the series-FACTS controllers, affect the operation of distance relays and can lead to the relays under/over-reaching. This paper aims to demonstrate the effects of static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) and series capacitive compensation (SCC), as two important series compensators, on the distance protection using theoretical and computational methods. The results of the investigation are used to develop a feasible and adequate method for eliminating the negative effects of these devices on the distance relays. The developed method measures the voltages at terminals of the SSSC and SCC by phasor measurement units (PMUs) which are then transmitted to the relay location by communication channels. The transmitted signals are used to modify the voltage measured by the relay. Different operation types and conditions of SSSC and SCC, and different faults such as phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground faults are investigated in simulations. Since the modeled distance relay can measure the fault resistance, trip boundaries are used to show the performance of the presented method. Results show that the presented method properly eliminates the negative effects on the distance relays and prevents them from mal-operation under all fault resistance conditions.

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“…The modelled distance relay can measure the fault resistance. Since high-resistance faults cause the relays under-reaching, different methods have been proposed to eliminate the under-reaching [19][20][21][22][23]. Some of them change the protective zones of relays so that the calculated impedance by relays falls into the right protective zones even under high-resistance faults conditions.…”

Section: Modelling Of System With Distance Relayesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Transmission Line Protection Scheme in the Presence of SCC

Naeini¹,

Vaseghi²,

Mahdavian³

2017

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

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-Distance relay identifies the type and location of fault by measuring the transmission line impedance. However any other factors that cause miss calculating the measured impedance, makes the relay detect the fault in incorrect location or do not detect the fault at all. One of the important factors which directly changes the measured impedance by the relay is series capacitive compensation (SCC). Another factor that changes the calculated impedance by distance relay is fault resistance. This paper provides a method based on the combination of distance and differential protection. At first, faulty transmission line is detected according to the current data of buses. After that the fault location is calculated using the proposed algorithm on the transmission line. This algorithm is based on active power calculation of the buses. Fault resistance is calculated from the active powers and its effect will be deducted from calculated impedance by the algorithm. This method measures the voltage across SCC by phasor measurement units (PMUs) and transmits them to the relay location via communication channels. The transmitted signals are utilized to modify the voltage signal which is measured by the relay. Different operating modes of SCC and as well as different faults such as phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground faults are examined by simulations.

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Ground Distance Relay Compensation Based on Fault Resistance Calculation

Cited by 83 publications

References 19 publications

A new ground impedance measuring element for digital distance relaying of long parallel lines in high fault resistance conditions

A new ground impedance measuring element for digital distance relaying of long parallel lines in high fault resistance conditions

Active power based distance protection scheme in the presence of series compensators

Modified Transmission Line Protection Scheme in the Presence of SCC

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