Ground-based remote sensing of O&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; by high- and medium-resolution FTIR spectrometers over the Mexico City basin

Plaza-Medina, Eddy F.; Stremme, Wolfgang; Bezanilla, Alejandro; Grutter, Michel; Schneider, Mat­thias; Hase, Frank; Blumenstock, Thomas

doi:10.5194/amt-10-2703-2017

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Eliminating the results of these two stations from the statistics of the overall stations, we observe the systematic difference between the S5P and NDACC data is on average 5.75±3.09 % (NDACC CO un-smooth) 3.18±4.5 % (NDACC CO ap-smooth), and 6.44±3.79 % (NDACC CO smooth). The NDACC station at Altzomoni is located at a high altitude in the south-west direction of the Mexico City (Plaza-Medina et al, 2017;Baylon et al, 2017). The station is located <60 km from the city center.…”

Section: Validation Of S5p Co Column Data Using Ndacc Co Column Data and Analysis Of Smoothing Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Methane and Carbon Monoxide from Sentinel-5 Precursor using TCCON and NDACC-IRWG stations

Sha

Langerock

Blavier

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. The Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) mission with the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) onboard has been measuring solar radiation backscattered by the Earth's atmosphere and its surface since its launch on 13 October 2017. Methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide (CO) data with a spatial resolution (initially 7 x 7 km2, upgraded to 5.5 x 7 km2 on 6th of August 2019) have been retrieved from shortwave infrared (SWIR) and near-infrared (NIR) measurements since the end of November 2017 and made available to the experts for early validation and quality checks before the official product release. In this paper, we present for the first time the S5P CH4 and CO validation results (covering a period from November 2017 to September 2020) using global Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and Infrared Working Group of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC-IRWG) network data, accounting for a priori alignment and smoothing uncertainties in the validation, and testing the sensitivity of validation results towards the application of advanced co-location criteria.We found that the required bias (systematic error) of 1.5 % and random error of 1 % for the S5P standard and bias-corrected methane data are met for measurements over land surfaces with pixels having quality assurance (QA) value > 0.5. The systematic difference between the S5P standard XCH4 and TCCON data is on average −0.69 ± 0.73 %. The systematic difference changes to a value of −0.25 ± 0.57 % for the S5P bias-corrected XCH4 data. We found a correlation of above 0.6 for most stations, which is mostly dominated by the seasonal cycle. The contributions of smoothing uncertainty at the individual stations are estimated and found to be dependent on the location. The highest contribution of the smoothing uncertainty is observed for mid-latitude TCCON stations and high latitude stations for NDACC. A seasonal dependency of the relative bias is seen. We observe a high bias during the springtime measurements at high SZA and a decreasing bias with increasing SZA for the rest of the year.We found that the required bias (systematic error) of 15 % and random error of < 10 % for the S5P carbon monoxide data are met in general for measurements over all surfaces with pixels having quality assurance value of > 0.5. There are a few stations where this is not the case, mostly due to co-location mismatches and the limited availability of co-located data. We compared the S5P XCO data with respect to standard TCCON XCO and unscaled TCCON XCO (without application of the empirical scaling factor) data sets. The systematic difference between the S5P XCO and the TCCON data is on average 9.14 ± 3.33 % (standard TCCON XCO data) and 2.36 ± 3.22 % (unscaled TCCON XCO data). We found that the systematic difference between the S5P CO column and NDACC CO column data (excluding two stations that were obvious outliers) is on average 6.44 ± 3.79 %. We found a correlation of above 0.9 for most TCCON and NDACC stations indicating that the temporal variations in CO column captured by the ground-based instruments are reproduced very similarly by the S5P CO column. The contribution of smoothing uncertainty at the individual stations is estimated and found to be significant. They are found to be dependent on the location with large changes seen for stations located in the Southern Hemisphere as compared to the Northern Hemisphere and at highly polluted stations. A cone co-location criterion, which gives a better match between the ground-based instrument's line-of-sight and satellite pixels, seems to give better results for high latitude stations and stations located close to emission sources. The validation results for the clear-sky and cloud cases of S5P pixels are comparable to the validation results including all pixels with quality assurance value of > 0.5. We observe that the relative bias increases with increasing SZA. We estimated this increase is about 10 % over the complete range of measurement SZAs.The study shows the high quality of S5P CH4 and CO data by validating the products against reference global TCCON and NDACC stations covering a wide range of latitudinal bands, atmospheric conditions, and surface conditions.

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Section: Validation Of S5p Co Column Data Using Ndacc Co Column Data and Analysis Of Smoothing Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Methane and Carbon Monoxide from Sentinel-5 Precursor using TCCON and NDACC-IRWG stations

Sha

Langerock

Blavier

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The detection of air pollution above cities, urban and industrial areas with satellites comes with the challenge of low CO sensitivity of measurements. Until now, data needs to be temporally and spatially averaged to distinguish typical the CO enhancements of ≤ 20 ppb of the total column dry air mixing ratio from the surrounding background concentrations in the order of 100 ppb (Pommier et al, 2013;Clerbaux et al, 2008;Borsdorff et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Detection Of Co Hotspotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping carbon monoxide pollution from space down to city scales with daily global coverage

Borsdorff

Brugh

et al. 2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. On 13 October 2017, the European Space Agency (ESA) successfully launched the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite with the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) as its single payload. TROPOMI is the first of ESA's atmospheric composition Sentinel missions, which will provide complete long-term records of atmospheric trace gases for the coming 30 years as a contribution to the European Union's Earth Observing program Copernicus. One of TROPOMI's primary products is atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO). It is observed with daily global coverage and a high spatial resolution of 7×7 km2. The moderate atmospheric resistance time and the low background concentration leads to localized pollution hotspots of CO and allows the tracking of the atmospheric transport of pollution on regional to global scales. In this contribution, we demonstrate the groundbreaking performance of the TROPOMI CO product, sensing CO enhancements above cities and industrial areas and tracking, with daily coverage, the atmospheric transport of pollution from biomass burning regions. The CO data product is validated with two months of Fourier-transform spectroscopy (FTS) measurements at nine ground-based stations operated by the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). We found a good agreement between both datasets with a mean bias of 6 ppb (average of individual station biases) for both clear-sky and cloudy TROPOMI CO retrievals. Together with the corresponding standard deviation of the individual station biases of 3.8 ppb for clear-sky and 4.0 ppb for cloudy sky, it indicates that the CO data product is already well within the mission requirement.

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“…The lower CO concentrations during the weekend are also detectable with column retrievals from ground-based FTIR measurements in Mexico City 2280 m.a.s.l 19.32 • N and -99.18 • E at the campus of the national University by the atmospheric science center (CCA). The used spectra are recorded in the mid infrared with a resolution of 0.075 cm −1 (Bezanilla et al, 2014;Plaza-Medina et al, 2017) and the CO column and profile is retrieved using the standard NDACC retrieval strategy (García-Franco et al, 2018;Borsdorff et al, 2018a). Figure 8b shows the averaged weakly cycle with standard error derived from the column measurements.…”

Section: Final-fitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring CO emissions of the metropolis Mexico City using TROPOMI CO observations

Borsdorff¹,

García-Reynoso²,

Maldonado³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. The Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on ESA Copernicus Sentinel-5 satellite (S5-P) measures the carbon monoxide (CO) total column concentration as one of its primary targets. In this study, we analyse 551 TROPOMI overpasses over Mexico City (more than 2 years of measurements) using collocated CO simulations of the regional Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to conclude on the emissions from different urban districts in the region. The WRF simulation distinguishes the CO emissions from Tula, Pachuca, Tulancingo, Toluca, Cuernavaca, Cuautla, Tlaxcala, Puebla, the metropolian area of Mexico City (CDMX), and the adjoint urban area (ACDMX, CDMX surrounding municipalities from estate of Mexico) by 10 separate tracers. Using a regularised source inversion approach, the TROPOMI observations yields 0.10 Tg/yr and 0.08 Tg/yr CO emissions from the Tula and Pachuca urban areas in the North of Mexico city. This exceeds significantly the Inventario Nacional de Emisiones de Contaminantes Criterio (INEM) inventory that was adapted to the period 2017–2019 and results in an emissions

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Ground-based remote sensing of O<sub>3</sub> by high- and medium-resolution FTIR spectrometers over the Mexico City basin

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Validation of Methane and Carbon Monoxide from Sentinel-5 Precursor using TCCON and NDACC-IRWG stations

Validation of Methane and Carbon Monoxide from Sentinel-5 Precursor using TCCON and NDACC-IRWG stations

Mapping carbon monoxide pollution from space down to city scales with daily global coverage

Monitoring CO emissions of the metropolis Mexico City using TROPOMI CO observations

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