Ground arthropod community structure in a heterogeneous urban environment

McIntyre, Nancy E.; Rango, Jessamy J.; Fagan, William F.; Faeth, Stanley H.

doi:10.1016/s0169-2046(00)00122-5

Cited by 328 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Urban ecosystems are characterized by high-density human habitation, intense transport processes and only remnants of natural habitats (McIntyre et al, 2001). It is necessary to understand the ecosystem responses to the infl uence of urbanization in order to ensure that urban areas are managed for the well-being of both city-dwellers and nature (Niemelä, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is necessary to understand the ecosystem responses to the infl uence of urbanization in order to ensure that urban areas are managed for the well-being of both city-dwellers and nature (Niemelä, 1999). Since urban development is spreading and intensifying, knowledge about the functioning of urban ecosystems has vital importance in planning future urban development in order to minimize its negative environmental impacts (Niemelä, 1999;McIntyre et al, 2001). Urbanization causes several forms of disturbance, such as alteration, fragmentation and isolation of indigenous habitats, changes of temperature, moisture and edaphic conditions, and pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiversity of Collembola in urban soils and their use as bioindicators for pollution

Fiera

2009

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of pollutants on the abundance and diversity of Collembola in urban soils. The research was carried out in three parks (Cişmigiu, Izvor and Unirea) in downtown Bucharest, where the intense car traffi c accounts for 70% of the local air pollution. One site in particular (Cişmigiu park) was highly contaminated with Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu at about ten times the background levels of Pb. Collembola were sampled in 2006 (July, September, November) using the transect method: 2,475 individuals from 34 species of Collembola were collected from 210 samples of soil and litter. Numerical densities differed signifi cantly between the studied sites.The infl uence of air pollutants on the springtail fauna was visible at the species richness diversity and soil pollution levels. Species richness was lowest in the most contaminated site (Cismigiu, 11 species), which presented an increase in springtails abundances, though. Some species may become resistant to pollution and occur in high numbers of individuals in polluted sites, which makes them a good bioindicator of pollutants.Index terms: heavy metals, soil contamination, species diversity, urban parks. Biodiversidade de Collembola em solos urbanos e o seu uso como bioindicadores de poluição

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of Collembola in urban soils and their use as bioindicators for pollution

Fiera

2009

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Urban ecosystems are generally recognized as being areas undergoing profound and constant local human activity, composed of high-density human habitation, industrial and commercial centers (McIntyre et al, 2001). The environmental modifications that occur during the process of urbanization can affect the distribution of organisms in diverse ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ant communities (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in an urban ecosystem near the Atlantic Rainforest

et al. 2007

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The relationships between an urban ecosystem located near the Atlantic Rainforest in southeastern Brazil and ant communities were studied with the objective of quantifying the ant richness and abundance in the household environment and its surroundings. Eighty residences were sampled, where 58 species and 28 genera pertaining to 7 subfamilies were found to be present. Inside the residences, the species richness was found to be lower (26), although the abundance was greater (10,670), with the wash area and kitchen being the locales that contributed with the greatest number of hits. The opposite was true in the areas outside the residences, where 54 species and 3,747 ants were observed. Inside houses, the species known as Tramp ants were found, in the following order of importance: Solenopsis saevissima, Tapinoma melanocephalum, Linepithema humile, Paratrechina fulva, Wasmannia auropunctata, P. longicornis, Pheidole megacephala, Monomorium pharaonis and M. floricola. Externally, mainly in the yards and gardens, species such as Octostruma rugifera, Heteroponera dolo, Hypoponera sp.1 and sp.6, Gnamptogenys sp. 4, G. striatula, Odontomachus meinerti, Pachycondyla constricta and P. striata were found. In general, a greater number of species and lower abundance of individuals were observed in the neighborhoods nearer the mountains than in those closer to the urban center.Keywords: Atlantic Rainforest, Tramp ants, species richness, communities, Formicidae, urbanization. Comunidades de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em um ecossistema urbano próximo à Mata Atlântica ResumoA relação entre um ecossistema urbano localizado próximo à Mata Atlântica na região sudeste do Brasil e as comunidades de formigas foi estudada com o objetivo de quantificar a riqueza e a abundância de formigas no interior e no entorno das residências. Oitenta casas foram amostradas, tendo sido encontradas 58 espécies e 28 gêneros pertencentes a 7 subfamílias. No interior das residências foi encontrada uma baixa riqueza de espécies (26) The collection was conducted in 16 neighborhoods in the city, with the northernmost neighborhoods being close to the Serra do Itapety (23° 29' 22" S and 46° 11' 55" W; 800 m above the sea level), and those in the south approximating the Serra do Mar (23° 45' 02" S and 46° 07' 63" W; 720 m above the sea level) (Figure 1). Ant collectionIn each neighborhood, 5 houses were randomly sampled. The collections were conducted every two months for a period of 12 months, always in the same houses. The bait was made from dehydrated beef liver, honey, pineapple cake, and peanut oil, according to the recipe and following the methodology proposed by Bueno and Campos-Farinha (1999). Small amounts of fresh bait were placed inside beverage straws 0.5 cm in diameter and 2 cm long. In the interiors of the houses (household environment), 8 baits were placed: 3 in the kitchen, 2 in the bathroom, and 3 in the wash area. The baits were removed after 24 hours and placed in plastic bags. Manual collections were also conducted around ...

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“…O processo de urbanização envolve a substituição de áreas nativas por várias formas de uso antropogênico da paisagem (McIntyre et al 2001). Nesse contexto, é necessário distinguir os principais componentes da urbanização que possibilitem verificar padrões espaciais na estrutura e função de sistemas ecológicos, tanto em abordagens populacionais, de comunidades e paisagens.…”

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“…Estudos de suas comunidades podem ser aplicados no planejamento, desenho e manejo urbano (Zapparoli 1997), monitoramento ambiental e práticas conservacionistas (Samways 1994, Fernandes et al 1995, Olivier et al 1998, Taylor & Doran 2001. Todavia, devido à complexidade da taxonomia de artrópodes, mais especificamente insetos, o número de estudos utilizando esses grupos em avaliações ambientais tende a ser limitado (McIntyre et al 2001). Dessa forma, a utilização de morfoespécies tem sido amplamente discutida como forma de solucionar esta limitação (Disney 1986) e aplicada com êxito (Olivier & Beattie 1996, Pik et al 1999, porém pouco difundida.…”

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Insetos galhadores associados a duas espécies de plantas invasoras de áreas urbanas e peri-urbanas

Julião¹,

Fernandes²,

Negreiros³

et al. 2005

Rev. Bras. entomol.

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ABSTRACT. Galling insects associated with two species of ruderal plants in urban and peri urban areas. Insects have been considered as important bioindicators of environmental changes and habitat quality. In spite of its sessile habit, easy localization, abundance and host specificity, insects that induce galls have not been utilized in studies of this nature. It was investigated the suitability of gall-inducing insects associated to two ruderal host plant species (Baccharis dracunculifolia and Vernonia polyanthes: Asteraceae) as bioindicators of habitat quality. The following questions were addressed: (i) is gall-inducing insect diversity influenced by different types of land use?; (ii) are the responses of galling insect communities different between host plants?; (iii) how does the biotic and physical features of the biotope influence the gall-inducing insect diversity? It was found 6,226 galls, belonging to six galling insect species on V. polyanthes and 11 galling species on B. dracunculifolia. No difference was found in galling species richness among land use types. Nevertheless, gall-forming insect abundance was statistically different among the biotopes studied. Insect galls were more numerous in biotopes with lower urbanization levels. Gall abundance showed a strong and positive relationship with the percentage of vegetal cover. Gall-forming insect communities on both host species showed differential responses to the different land use types. The results suggest that three factors may be involved with galling insect diversity in urban areas: (i) habitat structure in the biotope; (ii) resource abundance (host plant abundance and distribution); and (iii) frequency and intensity of management in reserves, parks, city squares, wastelands found at a given urban area.KEYWORDS. Bioindicator species; biotopes; host plants; insect galls; urban-rural gradient. RESUMO.Insetos galhadores associados a duas espécies de plantas invasoras de áreas urbanas e peri-urbanas. Os insetos têm sido considerados importantes indicadores de mudanças ambientais e da qualidade de habitats. Apesar de seu hábito séssil, fácil visualização, abundância, e especificidade de hospedeiro, insetos indutores de galhas não têm sido utilizados em estudos desta natureza. Neste estudo foi investigado o uso potencial de insetos galhadores associados a duas espécies de plantas hospedeiras ruderais (Baccharis dracunculifolia e Vernonia polyanthes: Asteraceae) como bioindicadores da qualidade de habitats. Procurou-se responder às seguintes questões: (i) A diversidade de insetos galhadores é afetada pelo tipo de uso e ocupação da paisagem (solo)?; (ii) A resposta das comunidades de insetos galhadores difere entre as duas espécies de plantas hospedeiras?; (iii) A diversidade de insetos galhadores é influenciada por características bióticas e físicas dos biótopo urbanos? Foram coletadas 6.226 galhas, pertinentes a 6 espécies de insetos galhadores associados à V. polyanthes e 11 espécies associadas à B. dracunculifolia. Não foi encontrada nenhuma difere...

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Ground arthropod community structure in a heterogeneous urban environment

Cited by 328 publications

References 41 publications

Biodiversity of Collembola in urban soils and their use as bioindicators for pollution

Biodiversity of Collembola in urban soils and their use as bioindicators for pollution

Ant communities (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in an urban ecosystem near the Atlantic Rainforest

Insetos galhadores associados a duas espécies de plantas invasoras de áreas urbanas e peri-urbanas

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