Gross margin analysis of rubber based cropping systems in Nigeria

Abstract

The study aims at determining the economic impact of the rubber based cropping system introduced to rubber farmers in Nigeria by Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria under the sponsorship of the Common Fund for Commodity (CFC) project in Nigeria coded CFC-IRSG 21. Thirty three farmers were randomly selected in five states in Nigeria (Edo, Delta, Ogun, Kaduna and Akwa Ibom) using interview schedule. The profitability of rubber based cropping systems on farmers' farms in the five states was determined using gross margin analysis. The study revealed that rubber based cropping systems in the study area were profitable with positive gross margins for all the identified cropping systems in the study area. Furthermore, the study revealed that a gross margin of N178, 000/ha and return on investment of N4.79 was the highest for the two cropping system identified in Edo state. A gross margin of N331, 000/ha and return on investment of N7.76 per Naira was the highest for the three cropping system adopted in Delta state. For the four crop combination in Ogun state, a gross margin of N181,000 and return on investment of N6.32 per Naira was the highest. In Akwa Ibom state, a gross margin of N402, 100 and return on investment of N8.05 per Naira was the highest for the three crop combination. For the four crop combination in Kaduna state, gross margin of N 488,000 was the highest. The study however, concluded that cassava featured more in the intercropped combination and it gave higher gross returns in the rubber based cropping systems in Nigeria compared with other crops across the states.

Exploration and Practice of Rubber Based Agroforestry Complex Systems in China

“…Rubber monoculture plantations not only result in low structural stability but also lead to inefficient utilization of resources in tropical regions, contributing to the wastage of climate and land resources [30]- [37]. Exploration of rubber agroforestry cultivation patterns and techniques began overseas in the early 20th century and saw rapid development after the 1950s [38]- [45].…”

PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KARET MELALUI SISTEM TUMPANG SARI BERBASIS KARET (Improvement The Growth and Yield of Rubber Through Rubber Based Intercropping System)

“…Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola tumpang sari karet berpengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan kesuburan tanah dan tidak menyebabkan persaingan unsur hara dalam tanah. Seperti yang dilaporkan Esekhade, Idoko, Osazuwa, Kore, & Mesike, (2014), sistem tumpang sari karet nyata dapat meningkatkan karbon organik, unsur nitrogen, dan fosfor dalam tanah. Namun, jika tanahnya terus ditanami dalam jangka panjang akan terjadi penipisan unsur hara akibat dari perlakuan tumpang sari.…”

Factors determining adoption of smallholding rubber agroforestry Systems (RAFS) in Nigeria

“…Numerous benefits accrue to farmers and the natural environment from RAFS. Some of these benefits include: the rubber trees can be tapped for their latex one year earlier than usual; reduce runoff and soil erosion; increase soil moisture, organic matter and micro-organisms; root systems of both plants are enhanced in size and spread; increase in farmers income, and minimise crop failure and environmental shocks (Esekhade et al 2014;Okwu-Abolo et al 2020). The potential adoption of rubber intercropping system serves as a means to improve food security, farmer's income and livelihood (Tetteh et al 2019).…”

“…The potential adoption of rubber intercropping system serves as a means to improve food security, farmer's income and livelihood (Tetteh et al 2019). However, in spite of the enormous benefits of RAFS, many rubber smallholders have not adopted the technology (Esekhade et al 2014).…”