Gross anatomical variations of the insular cortex in first-episode schizophrenia

Takahashi, Tsutomu; Sasabayashi, Daiki; Takayanagi, Yoichiro; Furuichi, Atsushi; Kobayashi, Haruko; Yuasa, Yusuke; Noguchi, Kyo; Suzuki, Michio

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2023.07.032

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…All SzTypal patients also fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria for SzTypal personality disorder on the basis of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (27); they had been clinically followed up for at least 2 years and had not developed overt psychosis. According to the literature (28)(29)(30), the first-episode Sz subgroup was defined by an illness duration ≤ 1 year (n = 48) or first psychiatric hospitalization (n = 16). Medication and other clinical data on patients are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased brain gyrification and cortical thinning in winter-born patients with schizophrenia spectrum

Torigoe,

Takahashi,

Takayanagi

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionThe findings of epidemiological studies suggest that a relationship exists between the risk of schizophrenia and winter births in the Northern Hemisphere, which may affect the process of fetal neurodevelopment. However, it remains unclear whether birth seasons are associated with the brain morphological characteristics of patients within the schizophrenia spectrum.MethodsThe present magnetic resonance imaging study using FreeSurfer software examined the effects of birth seasons (i.e., summer-born vs. winter-born) on the comprehensive brain surface characteristics of 101 patients with schizophrenia (48 summer- and 53 winter-born), 46 with schizotypal disorder (20 summer- and 26 winter-born), and 76 healthy control subjects (28 summer- and 48 winter-born).ResultsIn comparisons with summer-born patients, winter-born patients, particularly those with schizophrenia, showed significantly increased gyrification mainly in the left lateral occipital and inferior temporal regions and right fronto-parietal region as well as cortical thinning in the right superior frontal region. Birth seasons did not significantly affect the local gyrification index or cortical thickness in healthy controls.DiscussionThe present whole-brain surface-based analysis demonstrated that brain morphological characteristics reported in the schizophrenia spectrum were more pronounced in winter-born patients than in summer-born patients, suggesting the contribution of early neurodevelopmental factors associated with birth seasons to the pathophysiology of the schizophrenia spectrum.

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