GROND—a 7-Channel Imager

Greiner, J.; Bornemann, W.; Clemens, C.; Deuter, M.J.; Hasinger, G.; Honsberg, Mathias; Huber, Heinrich J.; Huber, Stefan; Krauss, M. I.; Krühler, T.; Mayer‐Hasselwander, H. A.; Mican, Benjamin; Primak, N.; Schrey, F.; Steiner, Ingo; Szokoly, G.; Thöne, C. C.; Yoldaş, A.; Klose, S.; Laux, U.; Winkler, Johannes

doi:10.1086/587032

Cited by 399 publications

(361 citation statements)

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“…We found i = 20.98 ± 0.04 mag for component A and 23.75 ± 0.10 mag and 23.44 ± 0.10 mag for components B and C, respectively. We obtained pure host images on 2015 December 17 (+539.2 d) using the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/NearInfrared Detector (GROND; Greiner et al 2008 g − r > 0.3 mag from the synthetic photometry of the spectra. All photometry measurements are listed in Table 2.…”

Section: Host Galaxy Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We obtained pure host images on 2015 December 17 (+539.2 d) using the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND; Greiner et al 2008), a 7-channel imager that collects multi-band photometry simultaneously with g r i z JHK bands, mounted at the 2.2 m MPG telescope at ESO La Silla Observatory in Chile. We used different aperture sizes to measure each component in each band.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The evolution of superluminous supernova LSQ14mo and its interacting host galaxy system

Chen

Nicholl

Smartt

et al. 2017

A&A

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We present and analyse an extensive dataset of the superluminous supernova (SLSN) LSQ14mo (z = 0.256), consisting of a multicolour lightcurve from −30 d to +70 d in the rest-frame (relative to maximum light) and a series of six spectra from PESSTO covering −7 d to +50 d. This is among the densest spectroscopic coverage, and best-constrained rising lightcurve, for a fast-declining hydrogenpoor SLSN. The bolometric lightcurve can be reproduced with a millisecond magnetar model with ∼ 4 M ejecta mass, and the temperature and velocity evolution is also suggestive of a magnetar as the power source. Spectral modelling indicates that the SN ejected ∼ 6 M of CO-rich material with a kinetic energy of ∼ 7 × 10 51 erg, and suggests a partially thermalised additional source of luminosity between −2 d and +22 d. This may be due to interaction with a shell of material originating from pre-explosion mass loss. We further present a detailed analysis of the host galaxy system of LSQ14mo. PESSTO and GROND imaging show three spatially resolved bright regions, and we used the VLT and FORS2 to obtain a deep (five-hour exposure) spectra of the SN position and the three star-forming regions, which are at a similar redshift. The FORS spectrum at +300 days shows no trace of SN emission lines and we place limits on the strength of [O i] from comparisons with other Ic supernovae. The deep spectra provides a unique chance to investigate spatial variations in the host star-formation activity and metallicity. The specific star-formation rate is similar in all three components, as is the presence of a young stellar population. However, the position of LSQ14mo exhibits a lower metallicity, with 12 + log(O/H) = 8.2 in both the R 23 and N2 scales (corresponding to ∼ 0.3 Z ). We propose that the three bright regions in the host system are interacting, which thus triggers star formation and forms young stellar populations.

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Section: Host Galaxy Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The evolution of superluminous supernova LSQ14mo and its interacting host galaxy system

Chen

Nicholl

Smartt

et al. 2017

A&A

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“…All sources were observed in 13 filters; (uvw2, uvm2, uvw1, u, b, v ) of Swift-UVOT (The Ultraviolet and Optical Telescope, Roming et al 2005) and 7 optical-IR filters ( ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ g r i z J H K , , , , , , s ) of GROND (Gamma-Ray Optical/Near-infrared Detector, Greiner et al 2008). The resulting 13-filter SED covers a wavelength range of 1600-20000 Å.…”

Section: Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

NEW HIGH-z FERMI BL LACS WITH THE PHOTOMETRIC DROPOUT TECHNIQUE

Kaur

Rau

Ajello

et al. 2016

ApJ

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Determining redshifts for BL Lacertae (BL Lac) objects using the traditional spectroscopic method is challenging due to the absence of strong emission lines in their optical spectra. We employ the photometric dropout technique to determine redshifts for this class of blazars using the combined 13 broadband filters from Swift-UVOT and the multi-channel imager GROND at the MPG 2.2 m telescope at ESOʼs La Silla Observatory. The wavelength range covered by these 13 filters extends from far-ultraviolet to the near-infrared. We report results on 40 new Fermidetected BL Lacs with the photometric redshiftdeterminations for fivesources, with 3FGL J1918.2-4110 being the most distant in our sample at z=2.16. Reliable upper limits are provided for 20 sources in this sample. Using the highest energy photons for these Fermi-LAT sources, we evaluate the consistency with the gamma-ray horizon due to the extragalactic background light.

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“…On the night of July 3, 2010, we obtained simultaneous observations of GJ 1214b in the g (λ c = 459 nm), r (λ c = 622 nm), i (λ c = 764 nm), and z-band (λ c = 899 nm) with the GROND instrument (Greiner et al 2008) on the 2.2 m MPI/ESO telescope at La Silla in Chile. The field of view in each of the wavelength channels is 5.4 by 5.4 , which is sufficient to observe both GJ 1214 and a set of reference stars simultaneously.…”

Section: Grond Griz-band Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical to near-infrared transit observations of super-Earth GJ 1214b: water-world or mini-Neptune?

Mooij

Brogi

Kok

et al. 2012

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Context. GJ 1214b, the 6.55 Earth-mass transiting planet recently discovered by the MEarth team, has a mean density of ∼35% of that of the Earth. It is thought that this planet is either a mini-Neptune, consisting of a rocky core with a thick, hydrogen-rich atmosphere, or a planet with a composition dominated by water. Aims. In the case of a hydrogen-rich atmosphere, molecular absorption and scattering processes may result in detectable radius variations as a function of wavelength. The aim of this paper is to measure these variations. Methods. We have obtained observations of the transit of GJ 1214b in the r-and I-band with the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT), in the g-, r-, i-and z-bands with the 2.2 m MPI/ESO telescope, in the K s -band with the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT), and in the K c -band with the William Herschel Telescope (WHT). By comparing the transit depth between the the different bands, which is a measure for the planet-to-star size ratio, the atmosphere is investigated. Results. We do not detect clearly significant variations in the planet-to-star size ratio as function of wavelength. Although the ratio at the shortest measured wavelength, in g-band, is 2σ larger than in the other bands. The uncertainties in the K s and K c bands are large, due to systematic features in the light curves. Conclusions. The tentative increase in the planet-to-star size ratio at the shortest wavelength could be a sign of an increase in the effective planet-size due to Rayleigh scattering, which would require GJ 1214b to have a hydrogen-rich atmosphere. If true, then the atmosphere has to have both clouds, to suppress planet-size variations at red optical wavelengths, as well as a sub-solar metallicity, to suppress strong molecular features in the near-and mid-infrared. However, star spots, which are known to be present on the hoststar's surface, can (partly) cancel out the expected variations in planet-to-star size ratio, because the lower surface temperature of the spots causes the effective size of the star to vary with wavelength. A hypothetical spot-fraction of ∼10%, corresponding to an average stellar dimming of ∼5% in the i-band, would be able to raise the near-and mid-infrared points sufficiently with respect to the optical measurements to be inconsistent with a water-dominated atmosphere. Modulation of the spot fraction due to the stellar rotation would in such case cause the observed flux variations of GJ 1214.

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GROND—a 7-Channel Imager

Cited by 399 publications

References 40 publications

The evolution of superluminous supernova LSQ14mo and its interacting host galaxy system

The evolution of superluminous supernova LSQ14mo and its interacting host galaxy system

NEW HIGH-z FERMI BL LACS WITH THE PHOTOMETRIC DROPOUT TECHNIQUE

Optical to near-infrared transit observations of super-Earth GJ 1214b: water-world or mini-Neptune?

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