Grit, humor, and suicidal behavior: Results from a comparative study of adults in the United States and United Kingdom

Kaniuka, Andréa R.; Oakey-Frost, Nicolas; Moscardini, Emma H.; Tucker, Raymond P.; Rasmussen, Susan; Cramer, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110047

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Grit, Interpersonal Stress, Psychological Security mental health (Hobfoll, 1989;Kaniuka et al, 2020;Li and Zhu, 2020). However, previous studies have failed to further elucidate the mechanism of grit's protective effect on mental health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Roles of Grit in the Relationship Between Interpersonal Stress and Psychological Security of College Freshmen

et al. 2022

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Grit, as an important positive psychological quality, has rarely been studied for its role involved in the mechanism between stress and psychological security. This article explores the moderating and mediating role of grit in the relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological security of freshmen through two studies. In study 1, freshmen from several Chinese universities (N = 1,224) were recruited to complete a battery of questionnaire, including assessments about interpersonal stress, grit, and psychological security. The moderating effect analysis showed that grit moderated the relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological security. Specifically, grit buffered the negative effects of interpersonal stress on freshmen’s psychological security, but this effect was obvious only when the level of interpersonal stress was relatively low, and decreased when the level of interpersonal stress was high. In study 2, college freshmen from another university apart from above ones (N = 604) were recruited, and we verified the results of study 1 and further explored the mediating role of grit in the relationship between interpersonal stress and security. The moderating effect analysis of study 2 also verified that of study 1. The mediating effect analysis showed that interpersonal stress not only negatively predicted psychological security, but also affected psychological security through the mediation of grit. In general, grit played a mediating and moderating role in the relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological security. This study provides first-hand evidence to explain the multiple roles of grit in the relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological security.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Roles of Grit in the Relationship Between Interpersonal Stress and Psychological Security of College Freshmen

et al. 2022

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“…Studies of grit, hope, and optimism have demonstrated that these future oriented and goal-related positive psychology factors are independently negatively associated with suicide ideation (e.g., [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]). It is currently unknown whether there are common features among these positive psychology variables that account for their protective nature or isolated components that are uniquely protective and responsible for reducing suicide risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grit is a future-oriented, goal-related positive psychological construct that has received recent empirical support as a protective factor against suicide. Grit is defined as an intrapersonal psychological strength characterized by passion and ability to pursue long-term goals and a willingness to persevere through barriers that prevent goal attainment [ 16 , 20 ]. Grit also encompasses working strongly toward challenges and maintaining interest and effort over time despite adversity and failure [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grit, along with optimism, forgiveness, and meaning in life, were found to be conceptually related to high levels of spirituality; these collective constructs were also inversely related to symptoms of depression [ 23 ]. While this protective factor is a relatively new construct in the suicidology literature, it has been shown to enhance meaning in life while reducing suicide ideation [ 16 ]. Further, grit has been demonstrated to significantly moderate and mediate the relationship between depression and suicide ideation in a sample of Korean adults [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Common Factors of Grit, Hope, and Optimism Differentially Influence Suicide Resilience

Clement

Wingate

Cole

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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No study to date has simultaneously examined the commonalities and unique aspects of positive psychological factors and whether these factors uniquely account for a reduction in suicide risk. Using a factor analytic approach, the current study examined the relationships between grit, hope, optimism, and their unique and overlapping relationships in predicting suicide ideation. Results of principle axis factor analysis demonstrated close relationships between these variables at both the construct and item level. Item-level analyses supported a five-factor solution (Stick-to-Itiveness, Poor Future, Consistency of Interest, Positive Future, and Poor Pathways). Four of the five factors (excluding Stick-to-Itiveness) were associated with suicide ideation. Additionally, results of a multiple regression analysis indicated that two of the five factors (Consistency of Interest and Positive Future) negatively predicted suicide ideation while Poor Future positively predicted suicide ideation. Implications regarding the interrelationships between grit, hope, and optimism with suicide ideation are discussed.

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“…This newly explored trait has attracted the attention of researchers from different fields (i.e., positive psychology, motivation, and education), given that it has been shown to be able to predict success in various domains and contexts, such as academic (i.e., Duckworth et al, 2007 ; Clark and Clark, 2019 ), work achievement (i.e., Mueller et al, 2017 ), and personal life (i.e., Eskreis-Winkler et al, 2014 ). More importantly, grit has been shown to be related to different aspects of well-being (i.e., general well-being: Duckworth et al, 2007 ; Kindt et al, 2009 ; Kannangara et al, 2018 ; Jiang et al, 2020 ; life satisfaction: Li et al, 2018a ; lower depression: Musumari et al, 2018 ; Datu et al, 2019 ; reduction of risk of suicidal ideation: White et al, 2017 ; Kaniuka et al, 2020 ). While interest in grit has grown exponentially over the past few years, the neural processes underlying this trait still remain largely understudied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological Prints of Grit

et al. 2021

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While scientific interest in understanding the grit trait has grown exponentially in recent years, one important gap in the grit literature relates to its biological and neural substrate. In the present study, we adopted a hypotheses-driven approach in a large sample of young adults (N = 120) with diverse educational backgrounds and work experiences in order to investigate the electrophysiological correlates of grit both during rest and while performing a learning task. Additionally, we selected a measure of impulsiveness to better understand the neural similarities and differences between grit and related self-control constructs. Based on previous work that implicated the prefrontal cortex in grit, we hypothesized that high grit participants would have lower frontal theta/beta ratio (a broadly used index that reflects prefrontally-mediated top–down processes, which might indicate better control over subcortical information). Furthermore, we expected the perseverance of effort facet of grit to be linked to higher complexity during task engagement because previous research has shown complexity indexes (entropy and fractal dimension) to be linked to effort while performing cognitive tasks. Our results revealed that although there were no differences at rest as a function of grit, the participants with high grit and high consistency of interest scores exhibited lower frontal theta/beta ratios during the learning task. This pattern suggests that individual differences in grit might be more evident when top-down control processes are at work. Furthermore, there was a positive association between perseverance of effort and entropy at task, which might indicate more effort and engagement in the task. Finally, no association was found between the neural indexes (frontal theta/beta ratio, entropy, or fractal dimension) and impulsiveness, neither impulsiveness mediated between grit and brain measures. Finally, when controlling for impulsiveness and demographic variables (gender, age, education, and work experience) the effects at the facet level remained statistically significant. While there is still a long way to fully understand the neural mechanisms of grit, the present work constitutes a step toward unveiling the electrophysiological prints of grit.

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Grit, humor, and suicidal behavior: Results from a comparative study of adults in the United States and United Kingdom

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Multiple Roles of Grit in the Relationship Between Interpersonal Stress and Psychological Security of College Freshmen

Multiple Roles of Grit in the Relationship Between Interpersonal Stress and Psychological Security of College Freshmen

The Common Factors of Grit, Hope, and Optimism Differentially Influence Suicide Resilience

Electrophysiological Prints of Grit

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