Grief and trauma intervention for children after disaster: Exploring coping skills versus trauma narration

Comparative Effectiveness of Interventions for Children Exposed to Nonrelational Traumatic Events

“…[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Psychotherapeutic interventions were marked by substantial heterogeneity in components, dose, frequency, involvement of family members, and mode and method of delivery. The wide variety of approaches presented challenges in how to best combine and categorize the psychotherapeutic interventions in particular.…”

“…Fifteen studies reporting on a subset of outcomes for 13 different interventions met our inclusion criteria: TF-CBT, cognitive processing therapy, narrative exposure therapy (NET), grief-and trauma-focused intervention (GTFI) group and GTFI with coping skills and narrative processing, emotional regulation therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), cognitive-behavioral intervention for trauma in schools (CBITS), trauma and grief component therapy; school group with elements of CBT; imipramine; fluoxetine; and sertraline ( 28,35 Three interventions used active comparators: 1 trial compared outcomes for NETwith meditation-relaxation therapy outcomes, 24 1 GTFI study compared group therapy with individual therapy, 25 and 1 trial examined outcomes for GTFI with coping skills and narrative processing versus GTFI with coping skills only. 38 Three of 13 interventions focused on medications: imipramine versus chloral hydrate, 31 imipramine versus fluoxetine and placebo, 32 and sertraline versus placebo. 33 As with the cluster of studies reporting on interventions targeting children exposed to trauma, no pharmacological interventions found any evidence of benefit, and the sertraline study suggested that children in the intervention arm fared worse than those in the control arm.…”

Mass Trauma: Psychopathological Effects across the Life Span

“…It has been applied in individual as well as in a group format, including a single individual session for exposure to the worst event. In a dismantling study of the effective ingredients of this treatment with disaster victims, a variant that did not include the trauma narration showed smaller effect sizes than the original treatment, which confirms the importance of the confrontation component of trauma treatment for children affected by mass disasters (Salloum and Overstreet, 2012). A well-established variant of trauma-focused therapy that had been specifically developed for victims of war and torture is Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET; Schauer et al, 2011).…”

Expressive writing intervention promotes resilience among juvenile justice-involved youth

“…Additionally, youth safety and trust were maintained by introducing trauma writing after four sessions focused on relationship-building and by succeeding trauma writing with group mindfulness activities. The inclusion of these activities derived from the clinical literature highlighting the importance of incorporating coping skills into trauma treatments (e.g., Salloum & Overstreet, 2012).…”