Grid power quality improvement using a vehicle‐to‐grid enabled bidirectional off‐board electric vehicle battery charger

Abstract

This paper investigates the application of a vehicle-to-grid (V2G)-enabled bidirectional off-board electric vehicle (EV) battery charger on the grid current harmonic compensation (GCHC) and reactive power compensation (RPC) and simultaneously uses it as a battery charger and power generator. To generate reference current, the proposed EV charger control algorithm processed the nonlinear residential load current and point of common coupling (PCC) voltage, to estimate the active load current component and synchronizing voltage template, respectively. The EV charger control algorithm uses an adaptive notch filter (ANF) to generate the in-phase and 90 shifted synchronizing voltage template from PCC voltage. Furthermore, a resonant filter is used to extract the fundamental frequency residential load current component accurately. The extracted fundamental component is sampled and hold at zero crossings of the 90 shifted synchronizing voltage template to estimate the active load current component. As a result, the proposed control algorithm ensures effective performance without depending on any phase-locked loop (PLL). The charger performance with the proposed control algorithm is validated by the simulation results obtained using MATLAB/Simulink. Furthermore, an off-board EV battery charger experimental prototype is built in the laboratory to verify the obtained simulation results. K E Y W O R D Sadaptive notch filter, bidirectional off-board EV battery charger, harmonic compensation, power quality, reactive power compensation, vehicle to grid (V2G)

A novel high‐gain bidirectional DC–DC converter for EV onboard charger applications

“…Generally, the power train of an EV consists of an electric motor, inverter, battery management system (BMS), and on-board charger. 2,3 One of the major challenging tasks in the EV sector is charging infrastructure. 4,5 Based on structure, the charging configurations are divided into onboard and off-board chargers.…”

“…Besides, they could damage the battery pack and a substantial power demand on the grid. 3 Onboard chargers are economical to execute compared to off-board chargers. In addition, these are low cost and smaller in size, and it supports vehicle-to-grid technology.…”

“…However, due to depletion and protuberant problems such as environmental pollution and global energy shortage, 1 the world is shifting toward electric vehicle (EV)‐based transportation. Generally, the power train of an EV consists of an electric motor, inverter, battery management system (BMS), and on‐board charger 2,3 . One of the major challenging tasks in the EV sector is charging infrastructure 4,5 .…”

“…A fast‐charging station seems to be suitable for commercial usage; however, these are very expensive to design. Besides, they could damage the battery pack and a substantial power demand on the grid 3 . Onboard chargers are economical to execute compared to off‐board chargers.…”

Increasing the Penetration of Electric Vehicles in Distribution Networks Using Optimal Charging/Discharging Control and Reactive Power Support in the Presence of Nonlinear Loads

“…To decrease the rate of harmonic current injection into the power grid, some studies propose the use of bidirectional EV chargers for the concurrent management of the battery's active power and the charger's reactive power in two directions [8,9,[18][19][20][21][22]. e use of EV chargers for providing simultaneous vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services and reactive power compensation while reducing the total harmonic distortion of the current in the residential electricity network was discussed in [19,21]. In [18], a multiobjective optimization problem was proposed for harmonic compensation of networks by plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs).…”