Grid-Interactve Efficient Buildings Technical Report Series: Lighting and Electronics

Abstract

These definitions are for the purposes of the Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings Technical Report Series. They may be defined differently or more generally in other contexts. Grid services Services that support the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity and provide value through avoided electricity system costs (generation and/or delivery costs); this report focuses on grid services that can be provided by grid-interactive efficient buildings. Distributed energy resource (DER) A resource sited close to customers that can provide all or some of their immediate power needs and/or can be used by the utility system to either reduce demand or provide supply to satisfy the energy, capacity, or ancillary service needs of the grid. Load profile A building's load profile describes when-time of day or hour of the year-the building is consuming energy (typically used to refer to electricity consumption but can also describe on-site fuel use); load shape and load curve are often used interchangeably, but all refer to the timing of energy use. Energy efficiency Ongoing reduction in energy use to provide the same or improved level of function. Demand flexibility Capability of DERs to adjust a building's load profile across different timescales; energy flexibility and load flexibility are often used interchangeably with demand flexibility. Demand response Change in the rate of electricity consumption in response to price signals or specific requests of a grid operator. Demand-side management The modification of energy demand by customers through strategies, including energy efficiency, demand response, distributed generation, energy storage, electric vehicles, and/or time-of-use pricing structures. Grid-interactive efficient building (GEB) An energy-efficient building that uses smart technologies and on-site DERs to provide demand flexibility while co-optimizing for energy cost, grid services, and occupant needs and preferences in a continuous and integrated way. Smart technologies for energy management Advanced controls, sensors, models, and analytics used to manage DERs. GEBs are characterized by their use of these technologies. This report analyzes connected lighting systems and consumer electronics/IT equipment technologies, as outlined in Table ES-1. All lighting technologies are assumed to be lighting-emitting diode (LED) or organic LED (OLED) technologies. These technologies are analyzed in two separate sections and the evaluations are not meant to be comparable to each other or other building technologies. Table ES-1. Connected Lighting and Consumer Electronics/IT Equipment Technologies Technologies Description Connected Lighting Advanced Sensors and Controls Connected lighting systems utilizing advanced controls and algorithms to automatically modulate lighting levels or potentially other power-consuming lighting features (e.g., spectrum, reduced sensor or network communication interface power) in response to external grid/pricing signals. Hybrid Daylight Solid-State Lighting (SSL) Systems Connecte...

Cap. 5. Abastecimiento, suministro y demanda de energía. En: La Quinta Evaluación Nacional del Clima

“…Los sistemas de automatización de edificios pueden importar el precio de la electricidad de la red y el factor de intensidad de carbono en tiempo real y comunicar el potencial de reducción de la demanda a la red a través del sensor bidireccional y el protocolo de comunicación. Adaptado de Nubbe y Yamada 2019 230 © 2019 Guidehouse Inc.…”

A Perspective of Decarbonization Pathways in Future Buildings in the United States

“…Lighting and equipment are major energy consumers, especially in commercial buildings. Their energy efficiency aspects focus on improving the efficiency of the systems and developing control strategies that can reduce the time of usage [46,51,52]. For instance, numerous studies revealed that the use of light emitting diode (LED) lamps can significantly reduce energy use compared to other lighting types.…”

“…The most well-established and mature DSM resources are energy efficiency and demand response. Table 1 lists technologies suitable for GEB applications [25,35,51]. Examples of market-available dynamic envelope technologies that have high potential for GEB applications are dynamic windows, automated attachments, and thermal storage.…”