Grid‐forming requirements based on stability assessment for 100% converter‐based Irish power system

Zhao, Xianxian; Thakurta, Priyanko Guha; Flynn, Damian

doi:10.1049/rpg2.12340

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…100% inverter-based resources (IBRs) can be highly flexible and controllable, with independent control over real and reactive current, and they have an ability to shape the equipment's response to various grid conditions. New types of inverters, called grid-forming inverters, have demonstrated the capability to provide the backbone for stable system operation when no synchronous generators are online [289], [290].…”

Section: B Dealing With Variability and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research

et al. 2022

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Research on 100% renewable energy systems is a relatively recent phenomenon. It was initiated in the mid-1970s, catalyzed by skyrocketing oil prices. Since the mid-2000s, it has quickly evolved into a prominent research field encompassing an expansive and growing number of research groups and organizations across the world. The main conclusion of most of these studies is that 100% renewables is feasible worldwide at low cost. Advanced concepts and methods now enable the field to chart realistic as well as cost-or resource-optimized and efficient transition pathways to a future without the use of fossil fuels. Such proposed pathways in turn, have helped spur 100% renewable energy policy targets and actions, leading to more research. In most transition pathways, solar energy and wind power increasingly emerge as the central pillars of a sustainable energy system combined with energy efficiency measures. Costoptimization modeling and greater resource availability tend to lead to higher solar photovoltaic shares, while emphasis on energy supply diversification tends to point to higher wind power contributions. Recent research has focused on the challenges and opportunities regarding grid congestion, energy storage, sector coupling, electrification of transport and industry implying power-to-X and hydrogen-to-X, and the inclusion of natural and technical carbon dioxide removal (CDR) approaches. The result is a holistic vision of the transition towards a net-negative greenhouse gas emissions economy that can limit global warming to 1.5˚C with a clearly defined carbon budget in a sustainable and cost-effective manner based on 100% renewable energy-industry-CDR systems. Initially, the field encountered very strong skepticism. Therefore, this paper also includes a response to major critiques against 100% renewable energy systems, and also discusses the institutional inertia that hampers adoption by the International Energy Agency and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, as well as possible negative connections to community acceptance and energy justice. We conclude by discussing how this emergent research field can further progress to the benefit of society.

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Section: B Dealing With Variability and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research

et al. 2022

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“…Under the assumption that grid voltage and frequency remain unchanged, it is obtained from ( 1), (12), and ( 13)…”

Section: Mechanism Analysis Of Damping Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this respect, the technology of the grid-forming control method has been proposed [11,12], which can change the power flow of the GSC by directly controlling the converter port voltage and frequency. The power synchronization control (PSC) [13,14], the droop control [15,16], and the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control [17][18][19] whose external characteristics were embodied as a voltage source, had been proposed one after another.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel DC‐link voltage synchronous control with enhanced inertial capability for full‐scale power conversion wind turbine generators

Qin,

Wang,

Zhou

et al. 2024

IET Renewable Power Gen

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The new power system is characterized by high penetration of renewable energy sources and a high proportion of power electronics (namely, double‐high). The grid‐forming control is an effective method to improve the grid‐connected stability of wind turbine generators (WTGs) in the “double‐high” grid. The control method based on the DC‐link voltage can effectively realize the grid‐forming control for WTGs. However, there is a disadvantage that the DC‐link voltage cannot be maintained at the given value. To address this, the grid synchronization mechanism of DC‐link voltage is explored and the specific implementation of a novel DC‐link voltage synchronous control applicable to full‐scale power conversion WTGs is proposed. Then, the boundary of the inertial coefficient is probed through the state‐space method. And a compensation control is proposed to enlarge the inertial response capability based on the mechanism of damping characteristics. Finally, the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation and RTLAB hardware‐in‐loop experiment show that the synchronization frequency can accurately map the grid frequency changes in real‐time under the premise that the DC‐link voltage remains constant. In addition, the inertial coefficient can be increased by more than five times with the compensation strategy, which can enhance the support capability of the WTGs to the power grid.

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“…They can independently control actual and reactive power. Gridforming inverters, a new generation of inverters that have shown the ability to support consistent network operation when no generators are online [352], [353].…”

Section: Stability Analysis Studies So Far Considering Renwable Energ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

From Smart Grids to Super Smart Grids: A Roadmap for Strategic Demand Management for Next Generation SAARC and European Power Infrastructure

et al. 2023

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Due to an increasing of demands of electricity in a world on regular basis, different continents will initiate a step towards transforming their smart grids infrastructure into super smart grids (SSGs), in which various countries in a continent will take a step towards an interconnection of their power system networks with one another to manage their futuristic demands conditions. The concept of SSGs system is predicated due to extensive use of modern technology, digital communication, machine learning and modern information techniques for the present power generating system to be more accurate and feature on balancing demand and supply. The SSGs uses renewable energy resources to support power system of multiple countries by reducing the greenhouse gases emissions. The main purpose of transforming smart grids into SSGs is to balance the demands and supply between multiple countries, if each country is not able to manage their own demands profiles. The environmental conditions, lack of energy management, intermittent nature of renewable energy resources and line losses are the major hurdles to provide regular supply. This research work focused about the hurdles in the form of technical challenges that will be arises in case of developing a futuristic SSGs for European and SAARC continents, and thus provide a valuable solution for it along with discussion about the future research directions. Moreover, although SSGs ideas have received positive reviews from many technical experts, but there development in future is still a challenging research issue due to lack of simulation based models of SSGs in the current literature. To deal with this issue, finally a fuzzy logic using hybrid cluster model of SSGs consisting of two clusters and a renewable wind energy system is successfully presented in this research paper. This model can be utilized in prospective for transforming any smart grids power infrastructure based on one country power network to futuristic SSGs power infrastructure based on multiple countries power networks for SAARC and European continents. The simulations of clusters and wind system are performed by the MATLAB. The suggested model of SSGs consisting of eighteen bus networks provides regular supply of energy between two countries interconnecting in the form of two clusters, whenever one or both countries lies in the region of SAARC and European continents faced some kind of fault.INDEX TERMS Super smart grid, power system, renewable energy resources, greenhouse gases, fuzzy logic, hybrid system, MATLAB.The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Jose Saldana .

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Grid‐forming requirements based on stability assessment for 100% converter‐based Irish power system

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research

On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research

A novel DC‐link voltage synchronous control with enhanced inertial capability for full‐scale power conversion wind turbine generators

From Smart Grids to Super Smart Grids: A Roadmap for Strategic Demand Management for Next Generation SAARC and European Power Infrastructure

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