This paper tends to the supervision system of miners in order to detect hazardous events that occur in the mining environment. The problem addressed in this paper include gas poisoning, helmet removal and object fall which can sustained a life threatening injury. In mining industry harmful gases like SO2, CO and NO2 occurs which can causes suffocation. Death of minors mainly causes due to object fall if proper treatment is not provided .Helmet removal is also a dangerous. This paper tends to develop a wireless sensor network to monitor real time situation of underground mines from base station. It gives surveillance with early warning intelligence of harmful gases. So to detect all these, we are using air quality sensor, accelerometer, Infra-red (IR) sensor. These are connected to the RF module. This module does all processing and also controls wireless communication between separate helmet using Contiki operating system. Microcontroller AVR-ATMEG 16 is used as analog to digital converter. All sensors have some threshold value if they cross that value then buzzer will automatically on and status will display on LCD. Keywords: Mine Safety, Wireless communication.
I. INTRODUCTIONIndia is known for its extensive and diverse mineral resources and big mining industry. Generally minor's safety is most important issue in mining industry. Every year, thousand of minors die and get injured. The main reasons for accident are object fall, helmet removal by minors and presence of dangerous gases. The purpose of mining safety helmet is to protect minors head against heavy object fall. There is no any special technology added to the helmet by which supervisors can get information whether fellow minors has encounter a hazardous event. Considering all these problems, a classic model of smart helmet is to be develop to detect all hazardous events in the mining environment. The proposed model is small enough to fit into the safety helmet and keep going sufficiently long while running on battery power. The system is to be modified without changing its physical structure. The additional weight must be kept to a base [1]. The hardware component include helmet remove sensor ,collision sensor, air quality sensor, data processing unit, wireless transmission and alternating unit and the software use here are WinAVr and sinaprog. This project uses microcontroller AVR ATMEGA-16 to convert audio signal into digital one. The system use RF module for transmission of wireless data from underground mines to the base station. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are also wireless system but the range of both the system is limited to few distances. Wi-Fi is sometimes use in mines but it require cabling that can be damaged [5]. So, the RF module is used .This module transfer a data of baud rate 9066 bit/sec within the range of 50m to 100m. Solving the problem of miners removing their safety equipment was a challenge, taken that any new safety equipment that is not lightweight and non-distracting, will just be removed, like all the other safety equipment...