Understanding the effect of sugar beet plant spacing, irrigation, and mulching on growth, yield capacity and quality of sugar beet is crucial for farmers who work in arid areas under water deficiency. Two‐year experimental field studies were conducted in the arid Jambyl region, South Kazakhstan, to collect experimental data and find the optimal parameters and technology of forming sugar beet yield capacity. During the first year of field studies, different sugar beet plant spacing systems were analysed together with the effect of plastic mulching. The optimal sugar beet planting system, determined by the first study, was used during the second experiment to determine the optimal irrigation regime. The main objective of the study was to find the optimal parameters that provide the highest yield of sugar beet, while being the most efficient in terms of water use.
The first field experiment found that the optimal system of sugar beet plant spacing was 20 × 50 cm with plastic mulching. The results of the second field experiment showed that the optimal drip irrigation norm was 7200 m3 ha−1, with an irrigation water productivity of 8.76 kg m−3.
The results of the field experiment showed that the optimal parameters for sugar beet in arid regions are 20 × 50 cm plant spacing with plastic mulching and a drip irrigation norm of 7200 m3 ha−1. The results of the research can be implemented in any other typical arid region. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.