Greywater characterization and loadings – Physicochemical treatment to promote onsite reuse

Noutsopoulos, Constantinos; Andreadakis, A.; Kouris, N.; Charchousi, Despoina; Mendrinou, Panagiota; Galani, Andriani; Mantziaras, I. D.; Koumaki, Elena

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.094

Cited by 122 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For WWs in recent years, the interest of research towards the recovery of greywater (GW) is becoming increasingly important, especially to cope with the scarcity of water at the domestic level [32][33][34][35]. As defined in literature, GW represents domestic WW generated from sinks, laundry washing and showers (excluding toilet flushing), and accounts for 50%-80% of the total domestic water use [5,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland for Greywater Treatment and Reuse: An Experimental Case

Collivignarelli

Miino

Gomez

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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In the coming years, water stress is destined to worsen considering that the consumption of water is expected to increase significantly, and climate change is expected to become more evident. Greywater (GW) has been studied as an alternative water source in arid and semiarid zones. Although there is no single optimal solution in order to treat GW, constructed wetlands proved to be effective. In this paper, the results of the treatment of a real GW by a horizontal flow constructed wetland (HFCW) for more than four months are shown. In the preliminary laboratory-scale plant, Phragmites australis, Carex oshimensis and Cyperus papyrus were tested separately and showed very similar results. In the second phase, pilot-scale tests were conducted to confirm the performance at a larger scale and evaluate the influence of hydraulic retention time, obtaining very high removal yields on turbidity (>92%), total suspended solids (TSS) (>85%), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (>89%), and five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) (>88%). Based on the results of the pilot-scale HFCW, a comparison with international recommendations by World Health Organization and European Union is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland for Greywater Treatment and Reuse: An Experimental Case

Collivignarelli

Miino

Gomez

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Other sources include high levels of organic matter and turbidity due to suspended solids (Barişçi and Turkay, 2016). However, major share of greywater is produced in bathrooms (Noutsopoulos et al ., 2017). Wastewater from clothes, washing machines, showers, tubs and bathrooms is expressed as light greywater, though it has high volumes and low pollutants concentrations (Thompson et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Greywatermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Noutsopoulos et al . (2017) conducted a research using physicochemical treatments such as sedimentation tank, sand filtration column and granular activated carbon column. They observed a decrease in turbidity throughout all the experimental systems from values around 52‐115 NTU to values between 0.6 and 11 NTU.…”

Section: Greywater Treatment Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalysis of xenobiotic organic compounds in greywater using zinc oxide nanoparticles: a critical review

Yashni

Al‐Gheethi

Hossain

et al. 2020

Water & Environment J

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The direct discharge of raw bathroom greywater has increased the concentrations of various pollutants in the water bodies. Typically, greywater contains large quantities of xenobiotic organic compounds (XOCs) owing to an increase in consumption of personal care and bath products. Therefore, it urges for a suitable technology to eliminate these compounds from contaminated waters. Photocatalytic degradation using Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) has the potentiality to eliminate various XOCs. However, ZnO NPs have high tendency to aggregate, which may lower the photocatalytic degradation rate. Therefore, there is an urgency to modify ZnO NPs to overcome the limitation. The present review was conducted to determine a suitable method for the modification ZnO NPs. Besides, the potential of the modified ZnO NPs in degrading XOCs in greywater as a photocatalyst was also discussed.

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“…The various technologies have been examined for GW treatment like coagulation and magnetic ion exchange resin [4], flocculation [5], septic tank followed by intermittent sand filter [6], a moving bed biofilm reactor [7], trickling filters with suspended plastic media [8], slow sand filter and slate waste followed by granular activated carbon [9], drawer compacted sand filter [10], pelletised mine watersludge [11], aerobic attached-growth biomass [12], green roof-top water recycling system constructed wetland [13], biofilter system [14], compact hybrid filter systems [15], a physical treatment system containing coagulation, sedimentation, sand filtration, granular activated carbon filtration, and disinfection [16], and anaerobic filter followed by UV disinfection [17]. Recently, the evolution of greywater recycling operations has been from traditional treatment technologies into more environmentally friendly treatment systems [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering the Adsorbents of Horizontal Series Filtration in Greywater Treatment

2020

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One of the important alternative water resources for non-potable purposes is greywater (GW), which must be cleaned of contaminants. In this regard, the clustering analysis of materials consisting of sand (S), zeolite (Z), peat (P) and granular activated carbon (GAC) within a horizontal series filter (HSF) was used for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), and turbidity in GW taken from the Fasa University Student Hostel, Iran. The hierarchical clustering technique was applied to classify the adsorbents. The findings indicated that there were significant differences (more than 95%) between these materials. According to the similarity of level 95%, for COD, BOD, TDS, and turbidity removal, these adsorbents could be separately clustered in three, three, two, and three clusters, respectively. In addition, by considering the simultaneous changes of COD, BOD, TDS, and turbidity together, these adsorbents could be clustered in three different clusters. This paper proposed an efficient method to select the best combination of adsorbents for eliminating of COD, BOD, TDS, and turbidity from GW. Generally, based on the quality of treated greywater and literature, reusing greywater can be implemented for agriculture, artificial recharge of aquifers, desertification, and preventing the dust creation in arid areas such as southern Iran.

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Greywater characterization and loadings – Physicochemical treatment to promote onsite reuse

Cited by 122 publications

References 29 publications

Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland for Greywater Treatment and Reuse: An Experimental Case

Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland for Greywater Treatment and Reuse: An Experimental Case

Photocatalysis of xenobiotic organic compounds in greywater using zinc oxide nanoparticles: a critical review

Clustering the Adsorbents of Horizontal Series Filtration in Greywater Treatment

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