Grey-box modeling for system identification of household refrigerators: A step toward smart appliances

Abstract

Abstract-This paper presents the grey-box modeling of a vapor-compression refrigeration system for residential applications based on maximum likelihood estimation of parameters in stochastic differential equations. Models obtained are useful in the view of controlling refrigerators as flexible consumption units, which operation can be shifted within temperature and operational constraints. Even if the refrigerators are not intended to be used as smart loads, validated models are useful in predicting units consumption. This information can increase the optimality of the management of other flexible units, such as heat pumps for space heating, in order to smooth the load factor during peak hours, enhance reliability and efficiency in power networks and reduce operational costs.

Thermostat controlled loads flexibility assessment for enabling load shifting — An experimental proof in a low voltage grid

“…In order to schedule the load shift, an algorithm needs to calculate the available thermal capacity and estimate the thermostatic cycles. There are many modelling techniques available to estimate the available thermal capacity of the refrigerator [10]- [11]. The black box model presented in [6] is used in the work presented here due to its simplicity and less number of measurements from the refrigerator in the field.…”

Energy shift estimation of demand response activation on refrigerators — A field test study

“…Predicting cool chamber temperature is the only way to predict the energy consumption by the compressor, as the temperature prediction can provide compressor runtime. There are varieties of refrigerator models available to predict the temperature of the refrigerator's cool chamber [9], [11]. 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 1 More details the model has more complex the model will be and tailored for a particular refrigerator.…”

Operation of supermarket refrigeration units: a coupled district heating and electric network approach

“…A simplified model for the supermarket cooling needs is presented and is based on a similar modeling approach as in [36]. The cooling needs are modelled by cold storage units, which emulate the aggregated refrigerated cases in the supermarket, as a single load.…”