Greenspace, physical activity, and BMI in children from two cities in northern Mexico

Benjamin‐Neelon, Sara E.; Platt, Alyssa; Bacardı́-Gascón, Montserrat; Armstrong, Sarah; Neelon, Brian; Jiménez-Cruz, Arturo

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100870

Cited by 33 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…We also found seven studies, including two cohort studies 8,31 and five cross‐sectional studies, 28,45,48,61,63 that focused on associations between NDVI and continuous BMI. Six of them 8,28,45,48,61,63 reported statistically significant associations between greater NDVI levels and lower BMI (i.e., estimated β values ranged from −0.18 to −0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Greenspace with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies up to 2020

et al. 2020

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Several reviews have been conducted to assess the association between greenspace and overweight or obesity, but the conclusions were inconsistent. However, an updated comprehensive review and meta-analysis is warranted, because several high-quality papers have been published more recently. The objectives of this study are to systematically and quantitatively assess the evidence for a link between greenspace with overweight/obesity and to make specific recommendations for further research. We searched three English language databases, four Chinese language databases and the reference lists of previously published reviews for epidemiological studies on greenspace and overweight/obesity published before January 2020. We developed inclusion criteria, screened the literature and extracted key data from selected papers. We assessed methodological quality and risk of bias, and we graded the credibility of the pooled evidence. We also performed sensitivity analyses. Fifty-seven records met our inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Most studies were cross-sectional designs (81%) and were from developed nations (88%). More than half (55%) of the included studies found beneficial associations between greenspace and overweight/obesity in overall or subpopulations. Our meta-analytical results showed that greater normalized difference vegetation index was associated with lower odds of overweight/obesity in a statistically significant fashion (odds ratio [OR]: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.91) but not residential proximity to greenspace (OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.00), proportion of greenspace (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.85, 1.08) or number of parks in an area (OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.01). However, we detected high between-study heterogeneity in two of the four meta-analyses, which reduced the credibility of the pooled evidence. Current evidence indicates that there might be an association between greater access to greenspace and lower odds of overweight/obesity. However, additional high-quality studies are needed to more definitively assess the evidence for a causal association.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, James et al 16 concluded a lower risk of obesity associated with more greenspace, whereas Schulz et al 15 reported no association. Further, these reviews included articles published before 2016 and so could not incorporate several more recent high‐quality articles on this topic 9,10,28–48 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenspace with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies up to 2020

et al. 2020

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“…Green space accessibility has also been shown to have an inverse association with cardiovascular disease [ 11 ] and stress [ 12 ], while enhancing general health [ 13 ], mental health [ 14 ], and overall well-being [ 2 ]. Several studies have examined whether more green space exposure—including exposure to a higher density of green space [ 15 , 16 ], better proximity and accessibility [ 15 , 17 ], and a higher proportion of street trees [ 18 ]—has been associated with lower obesity rates, which is a key risk factor for several major chronic diseases; however, the literature overall on green space and obesity is equivocal [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Markevych et al [ 21 ] claimed two types of measurements for the pathway between green space and physical activity encouragement: (1) perceptual (i.e., time spent in green space, access and attractiveness, and safety), and (2) spatial (i.e., greenness, distance, and other qualities). Several studies using spatial measurements have shown that the amount of neighborhood greenness [ 1 , 20 , 22 ] and natural environments [ 15 ] are positively associated with increased physical activity levels among children and adults. In addition to the amount of green space, accessibility to green space is also associated with increases in walking and cycling [ 23 ] and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Spatial Boundaries Matter for Exploring the Impact of Community Green Spaces on Health?

Shin

Kwan

Grigsby-Toussaint

2020

IJERPH

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Green space exposure is thought to have a positive influence on physical activity behavior and overall health. However, the literature remains equivocal, and green space measurement methods remain complicated. Using data from the Illinois Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, this study examines the influence of green space on health-related factors, such as exercise, physical health, and mental health. Moreover, we explore the methods for measuring community green space via various spatial boundaries and green space resources. The results show that combining two contextually designated census boundaries and a measure of green space with seasonality were the best spatial conceptualizations for capturing community green space. Moreover, the findings showed a positive influence of green space exposure on health outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of considering geographic contexts of daily human behaviors and green space seasonality in providing a better understanding of the influence of community activity space on environmental exposure measurement. Further, this work contributes to community planning for encouraging health-promoting behaviors.

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“…Evidence suggests that time spent outdoors is positively related to reduced sedentary time and moderate and strenuous exercise in adults [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Harada et al showed that time spent outdoors was significantly and positively associated with physical activity measured as daily steps among 192 older adults, and suggested the health benefits of time spent outdoors were primarily mediated by physical activity [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an Additional 30 Minutes Spent Outdoors during Summer on Daily Steps and Individually Experienced Heat Index

Wang

Richardson

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Spending time outdoors is associated with increased physical activity; however, high ambient temperature/humidity, together with built environment features in urban versus rural environments, may influence physical activity. We conducted an intervention trial with 89 urban and 88 rural participants performing normal activities on Days 1–2 (baseline) and spending an additional 30 min outdoors on Days 3–7 (intervention) in the summer. Participants wore a pedometer with real-time visual feedback to track daily steps taken and a thermometer clipped to their shoe to track temperatures experienced individually. Hygrometer–thermometers were deployed in participants’ neighborhoods to collect finer resolution ambient heat indexes in addition to regional weather station measurements. Using linear mixed effects models and adjusting for ambient conditions and individual-level factors, participants on average walked 637 (95%CI (83, 1192)) more steps and had a 0.59 °C (95%CI (0.30, 0.88)) lower daily mean individually experienced heat index during intervention days compared to baseline days. The intervention benefit of increased physical activity was greater in rural residents who were less active at baseline, compared to urban residents. Our results suggest adding a small amount of additional time outdoors may improve physical activity without increasing participants’ heat exposure, even during summer in a humid subtropical climate.

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Greenspace, physical activity, and BMI in children from two cities in northern Mexico

Cited by 33 publications

References 74 publications

Greenspace with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies up to 2020

Greenspace with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies up to 2020

Do Spatial Boundaries Matter for Exploring the Impact of Community Green Spaces on Health?

Effect of an Additional 30 Minutes Spent Outdoors during Summer on Daily Steps and Individually Experienced Heat Index

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