Greenhouse structures, construction and design

Abstract

Greenhouse is a frame structure that covers transparent materials such as glass, polyethylene and polycarbonate, etc. It consists of two parts frame and covering material. The greenhouse covering material acts as a barrier to the passage of air and traps energy inside the greenhouse, which heats both the plants and the soil within it. This wall, like the air near the ground, raises the temperature within the greenhouse. Greenhouses may be used for the cultivation of high-quality fruits, flowers, various crop nurseries, ornamental and medicinal plants. The benefits of greenhouses are high production per unit area because the genetic potential of the crop can be completely exploited, vegetables and nurseries can be grown off-season that obtain high market prices, good quality products and it is easy to protect the crops from pests, diseases and extreme climatic conditions. Greenhouse farming is a highly intensive industry that needs considerable labour and capital inputs. Because of this, all factors important for a successful enterprisers should be carefully considered by potential growers. Greenhouse vegetable processing is a 24-hour commitment in several respects. Constant vigilance is required for the maintenance, crop production and handling of emergencies.

A Systematic Literature Review on Controlled-Environment Agriculture: How Vertical Farms and Greenhouses Can Influence the Sustainability and Footprint of Urban Microclimate with Local Food Production

“…In general, advanced GH constructions include necessary technologies that ensure plant growing conditions are maintained at ideal conditions throughout the year for maximization of production volumes. Thus, the entire construction of the GH has to provide good sunlight permeability, low levels of heat losses, the capability of heat provision when it is required and ventilation system/s, and all of them should be supported by strong and durable materials [24][25][26].…”

“…Glass and rigid plastic GHs have longer lifespans and are usually very technologically advanced. The frames of these types are usually made of galvanized steel or aluminum, whereas for GHs that apply flexible cover materials, the frame is mainly wood, aluminum, PVC pipes or galvanized steel and can be constructed in a variety of shapes [25]. The shape of GHs directly affects the good diffusion of air due to ventilation, and therefore the uniformity in the microclimate that is formed inside.…”