Greenhouse growth bioassay confirms soil nitrogen availability indicated by the flush of CO2

Limbu, Smriti Pehim; Franzluebbers, Alan J.

doi:10.1007/s00374-021-01614-9

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Much less is known about WEOC and WEON in cropland soils across sites, but the limited evidence suggests they are correlated (R. Haney et al., 2012). There are many examples of strong relationships between potential C and N mineralization rates (Franzluebbers, 2018; R. L. Haney et al., 2008; Pehim Limbu & Franzluebbers, 2022). In the NAPESHM dataset, 24‐h C mineralization on its own could predict 56% of the variance in PMN, but if SOC or TN were also included in a multiple regression model, about 70% of the variance in PMN could be predicted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of nitrogen indicators for soil health in long‐term agricultural experiments

Liptzin¹,

Rieke²,

Cappellazzi³

et al. 2023

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Various soil health indicators that measure a chemically defined fraction of nitrogen (N) or a process related to N cycling have been proposed to quantify the potential to supply N to crops, a key soil function. We evaluated five N indicators (total soil N, autoclavable citrate extractable N, water-extractable organic N, potentially mineralizable N, and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activity) at 124 sites with long-term experiments across North America evaluating a variety of managements. We found that 59%-81% of the variation in N indicators was among sites, with indicator values decreasing with temperature and increasing with precipitation and clay content. The N indicators increased from 6%-39% in response to decreasing tillage, cover cropping, retaining residue, and applying organic sources of nutrients. Overall, increasing the quantity of organic inputs, whether from increased residue retention, cover cropping, or rotations with higher biomass, resulted in higher values of the N indicators.Although N indicators responded to management in similar ways, the analysis cost and availability of testing laboratories is highly variable. Further, given the strong relationships of the N indicators with carbon (C) indicators, measuring soil organic C along with 24-h potential C mineralization could be used as a proxy for N supply instead of measuring potentially mineralizable N or any other N indicator directly.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of nitrogen indicators for soil health in long‐term agricultural experiments

Liptzin¹,

Rieke²,

Cappellazzi³

et al. 2023

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…These biological measures are a community level estimate of soil microbial activity and do not discern among groups of organisms, such as bacteria and fungi. These measures are also highly associated with net N mineralization (Pehim- Limbu & Franzluebbers, 2022), which is a process that provides a continual supply of slow-released N to actively growing plants, whether perennial as in the grazed pastures or annual as in the paired grain cropping systems.…”

Section: Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil health and root‐zone enrichment characteristics between paired grassland and cropland fields in the southeastern United States

Franzluebbers,

van Vliet,

Young

et al. 2023

Grassland Research

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BackgroundSoil organic C and N data from privately managed pastures in the southeastern United States are relatively scant.MethodsA paired‐farm approach was deployed to determine how a variety of soil health parameters related to nutrient and water cycling might be altered under grazed, botanically diverse perennial pastures compared with annual monoculture croplands in three Major Land Resource Areas of the southeastern United States.ResultsSoil stability index averaged 0.64 and 0.91 mm mm−1 under cropland and grazed pasture, respectively, suggesting that pastures had a more stable soil surface that was resistant to erosion and allowed rapid water infiltration. Surface‐soil organic C and N fractions (i.e., total, particulate, and mineralizable fractions at 0–10 cm depth) were greater under pasture than under cropland. Across locations, root‐zone enrichments (0–30 cm depth) of organic C and N fractions were greater under pasture than under cropland. Within locations, root‐zone enrichment of total soil N was greater (p < 0.05) under pasture than under cropland in the Blue Ridge (2.87 vs. 1.10 Mg N ha−1, respectively) and the Piedmont (2.80 vs. 2.10 Mg N ha−1), but not in the Blackland Prairie (2.40 vs. 2.12 Mg N ha−1).ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that rotationally grazed, perennial grasslands can store more soil organic C and N and improve soil surface stability conditions compared with neighboring croplands producing commodity feed grains for feedlot finishing.

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“…Soil respiration can be measured from the same soil sample often collected to determine how much lime, phosphorus (P), or potassium (K) might be needed (i.e., from a surface sample that is dried and sieved). Soil‐test biological activity (STBA) is a standardized short‐term soil respiration protocol used in the Soil Ecology and Management Lab at North Carolina State University that is a simpler and less expensive indicator of the more complex biological process of mineralizable soil N, which along with mineralizable carbon (C) varies substantially depending on historical management (Franzluebbers et al., 2018; Franzluebbers & Pershing, 2020; Pehim‐Limbu & Franzluebbers, 2022). Across a diversity of fields in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia, a strong linear association occurred between STBA and mineralizable soil N (Farmaha et al., 2022).…”

Section: Soil Health and Biological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjusting the N fertilizer factor based on soil health as indicated by soil‐test biological activity

Franzluebbers

Shoemaker

Cline³

et al. 2022

Agricultural & Env Letters

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Agriculture faces a dilemma with nitrogen (N)—it is often the most necessary external input to optimize production, several generations of farmers became accustomed to its relatively inexpensive cost, and it contributes to widespread pollution due to numerous loss pathways to the environment. However, standard N fertilizer recommendations have not accounted well enough for a key source via mineralizable soil N. Soil‐test biological activity (STBA) is strongly associated with mineralizable soil N, both of which become surface‐enriched with conservation agricultural management using soil health principles. A series of field experiments assessed the contribution of mineralizable soil N to the N supply needed to optimize corn (Zea mays L.) grain and fall‐stockpiled tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.] production. This essay synthesizes how STBA along with cost‐to‐value threshold can be used to modify the N fertilizer factor to optimize economic return and avoid environmental degradation.

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Greenhouse growth bioassay confirms soil nitrogen availability indicated by the flush of CO2

Cited by 3 publications

References 65 publications

An evaluation of nitrogen indicators for soil health in long‐term agricultural experiments

An evaluation of nitrogen indicators for soil health in long‐term agricultural experiments

Soil health and root‐zone enrichment characteristics between paired grassland and cropland fields in the southeastern United States

Adjusting the N fertilizer factor based on soil health as indicated by soil‐test biological activity

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